Declaration

template<class AType> class TPointerTo {
public:
   AType*GetAlias() const{return fPointer;}
   BooleanIsValid() const{return GetAlias() != NIL;}
   voidValidate() const{if ( ! IsValid()) throw TInvalidSafePointer();}
   AType*operator->() const{Validate(); return GetAlias();}
   AType&operator*() const{return *(operator->());}

protected:
   TPointerTo (AType* p = NIL) : fPointer (p) {}
   void operator= (AType* p) {fPointer = p;}
   ~TPointerTo() {} // It's not permitted to delete a TPointerTo<>*.
   AType* Orphan();

private:
   AType *fPointer;
};

template<class AType> AType*
CopyPointer (const TPointerTo<AType>& from)
   {return CopyPointer (from.GetAlias());}
template<class AType> AType*
CopyPointer (const TPointerTo<AType>& from, TMemoryHeap& into)
   {return CopyPointer (from.GetAlias(), into);}
template<class AType> AType*
CopyPointer (const TPointerTo<AType>& from, EHeapType t, const void* o)
   {return CopyPointer (from.GetAlias(), t, o);}

template<class AType> void
Flatten (const  TPointerTo<AType>& from, TStream& into)
   {Flatten (from.GetAlias(), into);}
template<class AType> void
StreamOutLengthAndFlatten (const  TPointerTo<AType>& from, TStream& into)
   {StreamOutLengthAndFlatten (from.GetAlias(), into);}