memstatExample.C

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/// \file
/// \ingroup tutorial_memstat
/// Script post-processing the file generated by TMemStat (default memstat.root)
///
/// To use the class TMemStat, add the following statement at the beginning
/// of your script or program
///
/// ~~~ {.cpp}
///     TMemStat mm("gnubuiltin");
/// ~~~
///
/// or in an interactive session do something like:
///
/// ~~~ {.cpp}
///    root > TMemStat mm("gnubuiltin");
///    root > .x somescript.C
///    root > .q
/// ~~~
///
/// TMemStat records all the calls to malloc and free and write a TTree
/// with the position where the memory is allocated/freed , as well as
/// the number of bytes.
///
/// This script creates 2 canvases.
///
///  - In canvas1 it displays a dynamic histogram showing for pages (10 kbytes by default)
///    the percentage of the page used.
///    A summary pave shows the total memory still in use when the TMemStat object
///    goes out of scope and the average occupancy of the pages.
///    The average occupancy gives a good indication of the memory fragmentation.
///
///  - In canvas2 it displays the histogram of memory leaks in decreasing order.
///    when moving the mouse on this canvas, a tooltip shows the backtrace for the leak
///    in the bin below the mouse.
///
/// The script can be executed simply as
///
/// ~~~ {.cpp}
///   root > .x memstat.C   (or via ACLIC  .x memstat.C+ )
/// ~~~
///
/// or specifying arguments
///
/// ~~~ {.cpp}
///   root > .x memstat.C+(0.01,"mydir/mymemstat.root");
/// ~~~
///
/// The first argument to the script is the percentage of the time of the original job
/// that produced the file after which the display is updated. By default update=0.01,
/// ie 100 time intervals will be shown.
/// The second argument is the input file name (result of TMemStat).
/// If this argument is omitted, the script will take the most recent file
/// generated by TMemStat.
///
/// \macro_image
/// \macro_output
/// \macro_code
///
/// \author Rene Brun 7 July 2010

#include "TMath.h"
#include "TFile.h"
#include "TTree.h"
#include "TCanvas.h"
#include "TStyle.h"
#include "TH1.h"
#include "TPaveText.h"
#include "TPaveLabel.h"
#include "TSystem.h"
#include "TGClient.h"
#include "TGToolTip.h"
#include "TRootCanvas.h"

TFile *f;
TTree *T;
TH1D *h;
TH1D *halloc, *hfree;
TH1I *hleaks, *hentry;
TGToolTip *gTip = 0;
TObjArray *btidlist=0;
Double_t *V1, *V2, *V3, *V4;

void EventInfo(Int_t event, Int_t px, Int_t py, TObject *selected);

void memstatExample(double update=0.01, const char* fname="*") {
   // Open the memstat data file, then call TTree::Draw to precompute
   // the arrays of positions and nbytes per entry.
   // update is the time interval in the data file  in seconds after which
   // the display is updated. For example is the job producing the memstat.root file
   // took 100s to execute, an update of 0.1s will generate 1000 time views of
   // the memory use.
   // if fname=="*" (default), the most recent file memstat*.root will be taken.

   TString s;
   if (!fname || strlen(fname) <5 || strstr(fname,"*")) {
      //take the most recent file memstat*.root
      s = gSystem->GetFromPipe("ls -lrt memstat*.root");
      Int_t ns = s.Length();
      fname = strstr(s.Data()+ns-25,"memstat");
   }
   printf("Analyzing file: %s\n",fname);
   f = TFile::Open(fname);
   if (!f) {
      printf("Cannot open file %s\n",fname);
      return;
   }
   T = (TTree*)f->Get("T");
   if (!T) {
      printf("cannot find the TMemStat TTree named T in file %s\n",fname);
      return;
   }
   if (update <= 0) {
      printf("Illegal update value %g, changed to 0.01\n",update);
      update = 0.01;
   }
   if (update < 0.001) printf("Warning update parameter is very small, processing may be slow\n");


   Long64_t nentries = T->GetEntries();
   T->SetEstimate(nentries+10);
   Long64_t nsel = T->Draw("pos:nbytes:time:btid","","goff");

   //now we compute the best binning for the histogram
   Int_t nbytes;
   Double_t pos;
   V1 = T->GetV1();
   V2 = T->GetV2();
   V3 = T->GetV3();
   V4 = T->GetV4();
   Long64_t imean = (Long64_t)TMath::Mean(nsel,V1);
   Long64_t irms  = (Long64_t)TMath::RMS(nsel,V1);
   //Long64_t bw = 10000;
   Long64_t bw = 1000;
   imean = imean - imean%bw;
   irms = irms -irms%bw;
   Int_t nbins = Int_t(4*irms/bw);
   Long64_t ivmin = imean -bw*nbins/2;
   Long64_t ivmax = ivmin+bw*nbins;
   if (ivmax > 2000000000 && ivmin <2000000000) {
      //the data set has been likely generated on a 32 bits machine
      //we are mostly interested by the small allocations, so we select
      //only values below 2 GBytes
      printf("memory locations above 2GBytes will be ignored\n");
      nsel = T->Draw("pos:nbytes:time:btid","pos <2e9","goff");
      V1 = T->GetV1();
      V2 = T->GetV2();
      V3 = T->GetV3();
      V4 = T->GetV4();
      imean = (Long64_t)TMath::Mean(nsel,V1);
      irms = (Long64_t)TMath::RMS(nsel,V1);
      bw = 10000;
      imean = imean - imean%bw;
      irms = irms -irms%bw;
      nbins = Int_t(4*irms/bw);
      ivmin = imean -bw*nbins/2;
      ivmax = ivmin+bw*nbins;
   }
   update *= 0.0001*V3[nsel-1]; //convert time per cent in seconds
   Long64_t nvm = Long64_t(ivmax-ivmin+1);
   Long64_t *nbold = new Long64_t[nvm];
   Int_t *ientry  = new Int_t[nvm];
   memset(nbold,0,nvm*8);
   Double_t dv = (ivmax-ivmin)/nbins;
   h = new TH1D("h",Form("%s;pos;per cent of pages used",fname),nbins,ivmin,ivmax);
   TAxis *axis = h->GetXaxis();
   gStyle->SetOptStat("ie");
   h->SetFillColor(kRed);
   h->SetMinimum(0);
   h->SetMaximum(100);
   halloc = new TH1D("halloc",Form("%s;pos;number of mallocs",fname),nbins,ivmin,ivmax);
   hfree  = new TH1D("hfree", Form("%s;pos;number of frees",fname),nbins,ivmin,ivmax);
   //open a canvas and draw the empty histogram
   TCanvas *c1 = new TCanvas("c1","c1",1200,600);
   c1->SetFrameFillColor(kYellow-3);
   c1->SetGridx();
   c1->SetGridy();
   h->Draw();
   //create a TPaveText to show the summary results
   TPaveText *pvt = new TPaveText(.5,.9,.75,.99,"brNDC");
   pvt->Draw();
   //create a TPaveLabel to show the time
   TPaveLabel *ptime = new TPaveLabel(.905,.7,.995,.76,"time","brNDC");
   ptime->SetFillColor(kYellow-3);
   ptime->Draw();
   //draw producer identifier
   TNamed *named = (TNamed*)T->GetUserInfo()->FindObject("SysInfo");
   TText tmachine;
   tmachine.SetTextSize(0.02);
   tmachine.SetNDC();
   if (named) tmachine.DrawText(0.01,0.01,named->GetTitle());

   //start loop on selected rows
   Int_t bin,nb=0,j;
   Long64_t ipos;
   Double_t dbin,rest,time;
   Double_t updateLast = 0;
   Int_t nleaks = 0;
   Int_t i;
   for (i=0;i<nsel;i++) {
      pos    = V1[i];
      ipos = (Long64_t)(pos-ivmin);
      nbytes = (Int_t)V2[i];
      time = 0.0001*V3[i];
      bin = axis->FindBin(pos);
      if (bin<1 || bin>nbins) continue;
      dbin = axis->GetBinUpEdge(bin)-pos;
      if (nbytes > 0) {
         halloc->Fill(pos);
         if (dbin > nbytes) dbin = nbytes;
         //fill bytes in the first page
         h->AddBinContent(bin,100*dbin/dv);
         //fill bytes in full following pages
         nb = Int_t((nbytes-dbin)/dv);
         if (bin+nb >nbins) nb = nbins-bin;
         for (j=1;j<=nb;j++) h->AddBinContent(bin+j,100);
         //fill the bytes remaining in last page
         rest = nbytes-nb*dv-dbin;
         if (rest > 0) h->AddBinContent(bin+nb+1,100*rest/dv);
         //we save nbytes at pos. This info will be used when we free this slot
         if (nbold[ipos] > 0) printf("reallocating %d bytes (was %lld) at %lld, entry=%d\n",nbytes,nbold[ipos],ipos,i);
         if (nbold[ipos] == 0) {
            nleaks++;
            //save the Tree entry number where we made this allocation
            ientry[ipos] = i;
         }
         nbold[ipos] = nbytes;
      } else {
         hfree->Fill(pos);
         nbytes = nbold[ipos];
         if (bin+nb >nbins) nb = nbins-bin;
         nbold[ipos] = 0; nleaks--;
         if (nbytes <= 0) continue;
         //fill bytes free in the first page
         if (dbin > nbytes) dbin = nbytes;
         h->AddBinContent(bin,-100*dbin/dv);
         //fill bytes free in full following pages
         nb = Int_t((nbytes-dbin)/dv);
         if (bin+nb >nbins) nb = nbins-bin;
         for (j=1;j<=nb;j++) h->AddBinContent(bin+j,-100);
         //fill the bytes free in  in last page
         rest = nbytes-nb*dv-dbin;
         if (rest > 0) h->AddBinContent(bin+nb+1,-100*rest/dv);

      }
      if (time -updateLast > update) {
         //update canvas at regular intervals
         updateLast = time;
         h->SetEntries(i);
         c1->Modified();
         pvt->GetListOfLines()->Delete();
         Double_t mbytes = 0;
         Int_t nonEmpty = 0;
         Double_t w;
         for (Int_t k=1;k<nbins;k++) {
            w = h->GetBinContent(k);
            if (w > 0) {
               nonEmpty++;
               mbytes += 0.01*w*dv;
            }
         }
         Double_t occupancy = mbytes/(nonEmpty*0.01*dv);
         pvt->AddText(Form("memory used = %g Mbytes",mbytes*1e-6));
         pvt->AddText(Form("page occupancy = %f per cent",occupancy));
         pvt->AddText("(for non empty pages only)");
         ptime->SetLabel(Form("%g sec",time));

         c1->Update();
         gSystem->ProcessEvents();
      }
   }
   h->SetEntries(nsel);
   Int_t nlmax = nleaks;
   nleaks += 1000;
   Int_t *lindex  = new Int_t[nleaks];
   Int_t *entry   = new Int_t[nleaks];
   Int_t *ileaks  = new Int_t[nleaks];

   nleaks =0;
   for (Int_t ii=0;ii<nvm;ii++) {
      if (nbold[ii] > 0) {
         ileaks[nleaks] = (Int_t)nbold[ii];
         entry[nleaks]  = ientry[ii];
         nleaks++;
         if (nleaks > nlmax) break;
      }
   }

   TMath::Sort(nleaks,ileaks,lindex);
   hentry = new TH1I("hentry","leak entry index",nleaks,0,nleaks);
   hleaks = new TH1I("hleaks","leaks;leak number;nbytes in leak",nleaks,0,nleaks);
   for (Int_t k=0;k<nleaks;k++) {
      Int_t kk = lindex[k];
      i = entry[kk];
      hentry->SetBinContent(k+1,i);
      hleaks->SetBinContent(k+1,ileaks[kk]);
   }
   hentry->SetEntries(nleaks);
   hleaks->SetEntries(nleaks);

   //open a second canvas and draw the histogram with leaks in decreasing order
   TCanvas *c2 = new TCanvas("c2","c2",1200,600);
   c2->SetFrameFillColor(kCyan-6);
   c2->SetGridx();
   c2->SetGridy();
   c2->SetLogy();
   hleaks->SetFillColor(kRed-3);
   if (nleaks > 1000) hleaks->GetXaxis()->SetRange(1,1000);
   hleaks->Draw();
   //draw producer identifier
   if (named) tmachine.DrawText(0.01,0.01,named->GetTitle());

   //construct the tooltip
   TRootCanvas *rc = (TRootCanvas *)c2->GetCanvasImp();
   TGMainFrame *frm = dynamic_cast<TGMainFrame *>(rc);
   // create the tooltip with a timeout of 250 ms
   if (!gTip) gTip = new TGToolTip(gClient->GetDefaultRoot(), frm, "", 250);
   c2->Connect("ProcessedEvent(Int_t, Int_t, Int_t, TObject*)",
               0, 0, "EventInfo(Int_t, Int_t, Int_t, TObject*)");

}

//______________________________________________________________________
void EventInfo(Int_t event, Int_t px, Int_t , TObject *selected)
{
   //draw the tooltip showing the backtrace for the bin at px
   if (!gTip) return;
   gTip->Hide();
   if (event == kMouseLeave)
      return;
   Double_t xpx  = gPad->AbsPixeltoX(px);
   Int_t bin = hleaks->GetXaxis()->FindBin(xpx);
   if (bin <=0 || bin > hleaks->GetXaxis()->GetNbins()) return;
   Int_t nbytes = (Int_t)hleaks->GetBinContent(bin);
   Int_t entry  = (Int_t)hentry->GetBinContent(bin);
   Int_t btid   = (Int_t)V4[entry];
   Double_t  time = 0.0001*V3[entry];
   TH1I *hbtids = (TH1I*)T->GetUserInfo()->FindObject("btids");
   if (!hbtids) return;
   if (!btidlist) btidlist = (TObjArray*)T->GetUserInfo()->FindObject("FAddrsList");
   if (!btidlist) btidlist = (TObjArray*)f->Get("FAddrsList"); //old memstat files
   if (!btidlist) return;
   Int_t nbt = (Int_t)hbtids->GetBinContent(btid-1);
   TString ttip;
   for (Int_t i=0;i<nbt;i++) {
      Int_t j = (Int_t)hbtids->GetBinContent(btid+i);
      TNamed *nm = (TNamed*)btidlist->At(j);
      if (nm==0) break;
      char *title = (char*)nm->GetTitle();
      Int_t nch = strlen(title);
      if (nch < 20) continue;
      if (nch > 100) title[100] =0;
      const char *bar = strstr(title,"| ");
      if (!bar) continue;
      if (strstr(bar,"operator new")) continue;
      if (strstr(bar,"libMemStat")) continue;
      if (strstr(bar,"G__Exception")) continue;
      ttip += TString::Format("%2d %s\n",i,bar+1);
   }

   if (selected) {
      TString form1 = TString::Format("  Leak number=%d, leaking %d bytes at entry=%d    time=%gseconds\n\n",bin,nbytes,entry,time);
      gTip->SetText(TString::Format("%s%s",form1.Data(),ttip.Data() ));
      gTip->SetPosition(px+15, 100);
      gTip->Reset();
   }
}