RWebDisplayHandle.cxx

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// Author: Sergey Linev <s.linev@gsi.de>
// Date: 2018-10-17
// Warning: This is part of the ROOT 7 prototype! It will change without notice. It might trigger earthquakes. Feedback is welcome!
 
/*************************************************************************
 * Copyright (C) 1995-2019, Rene Brun and Fons Rademakers.               *
 * All rights reserved.                                                  *
 *                                                                       *
 * For the licensing terms see $ROOTSYS/LICENSE.                         *
 * For the list of contributors see $ROOTSYS/README/CREDITS.             *
 *************************************************************************/
 
#include <ROOT/RWebDisplayHandle.hxx>
 
#include <ROOT/RLogger.hxx>
 
#include "RConfigure.h"
#include "TSystem.h"
#include "TRandom.h"
#include "TString.h"
#include "TObjArray.h"
#include "THttpServer.h"
#include "TEnv.h"
#include "TError.h"
#include "TROOT.h"
#include "TBase64.h"
#include "TBufferJSON.h"
 
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <filesystem>
#include <memory>
#include <regex>
 
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#include <process.h>
#else
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <spawn.h>
#endif
 
using namespace ROOT;
using namespace std::string_literals;
 
/** \class ROOT::RWebDisplayHandle
\ingroup webdisplay
 
Handle of created web-based display
Depending from type of web display, holds handle of started browser process or other display-specific information
to correctly stop and cleanup display.
*/
 
 
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Static holder of registered creators of web displays
 
std::map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<RWebDisplayHandle::Creator>> &RWebDisplayHandle::GetMap()
{
   static std::map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<RWebDisplayHandle::Creator>> sMap;
   return sMap;
}
 
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Search for specific browser creator
/// If not found, try to add one
/// \param name - creator name like ChromeCreator
/// \param libname - shared library name where creator could be provided
 
std::unique_ptr<RWebDisplayHandle::Creator> &RWebDisplayHandle::FindCreator(const std::string &name, const std::string &libname)
{
   auto &m = GetMap();
   auto search = m.find(name);
   if (search == m.end()) {
 
      if (libname == "ChromeCreator") {
         m.emplace(name, std::make_unique<ChromeCreator>(name == "edge"));
      } else if (libname == "FirefoxCreator") {
         m.emplace(name, std::make_unique<FirefoxCreator>());
      } else if (libname == "BrowserCreator") {
         m.emplace(name, std::make_unique<BrowserCreator>(false));
      } else if (!libname.empty()) {
         gSystem->Load(libname.c_str());
      }
 
      search = m.find(name); // try again
   }
 
   if (search != m.end())
      return search->second;
 
   static std::unique_ptr<RWebDisplayHandle::Creator> dummy;
   return dummy;
}
 
namespace ROOT {
 
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Specialized handle to hold information about running browser process
/// Used to correctly cleanup all processes and temporary directories
 
class RWebBrowserHandle : public RWebDisplayHandle {
 
#ifdef _MSC_VER
   typedef int browser_process_id;
#else
   typedef pid_t browser_process_id;
#endif
   std::string fTmpDir;         ///< temporary directory to delete at the end
   std::string fTmpFile;        ///< temporary file to remove
   bool fHasPid{false};
   browser_process_id fPid;
 
public:
   RWebBrowserHandle(const std::string &url, const std::string &tmpdir, const std::string &tmpfile, const std::string &dump) :
      RWebDisplayHandle(url), fTmpDir(tmpdir), fTmpFile(tmpfile)
   {
      SetContent(dump);
   }
 
   RWebBrowserHandle(const std::string &url, const std::string &tmpdir, const std::string &tmpfile, browser_process_id pid)
      : RWebDisplayHandle(url), fTmpDir(tmpdir), fTmpFile(tmpfile), fHasPid(true), fPid(pid)
   {
   }
 
   ~RWebBrowserHandle() override
   {
#ifdef _MSC_VER
      if (fHasPid)
         gSystem->Exec(("taskkill /F /PID "s + std::to_string(fPid) + " >NUL 2>NUL").c_str());
      std::string rmdir = "rmdir /S /Q ", rmfile = "del /F ";
#else
      if (fHasPid)
         kill(fPid, SIGKILL);
      std::string rmdir = "rm -rf ", rmfile = "rm -f ";
#endif
      if (!fTmpDir.empty())
         gSystem->Exec((rmdir + fTmpDir).c_str());
      if (!fTmpFile.empty())
         gSystem->Exec((rmfile + fTmpFile).c_str());
   }
 
};
 
} // namespace ROOT
 
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Class to handle starting of web-browsers like Chrome or Firefox
 
RWebDisplayHandle::BrowserCreator::BrowserCreator(bool custom, const std::string &exec)
{
   if (custom) return;
 
   if (!exec.empty()) {
      if (exec.find("$url") == std::string::npos) {
         fProg = exec;
#ifdef _MSC_VER
         fExec = exec + " $url";
#else
         fExec = exec + " $url &";
#endif
      } else {
         fExec = exec;
         auto pos = exec.find(" ");
         if (pos != std::string::npos)
            fProg = exec.substr(0, pos);
      }
   } else if (gSystem->InheritsFrom("TMacOSXSystem")) {
      fExec = "open \'$url\'";
   } else if (gSystem->InheritsFrom("TWinNTSystem")) {
      fExec = "start $url";
   } else {
      fExec = "xdg-open \'$url\' &";
   }
}
 
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Check if browser executable exists and can be used
 
void RWebDisplayHandle::BrowserCreator::TestProg(const std::string &nexttry, bool check_std_paths)
{
   if (nexttry.empty() || !fProg.empty())
      return;
 
   if (!gSystem->AccessPathName(nexttry.c_str(), kExecutePermission)) {
#ifdef R__MACOSX
      fProg = std::regex_replace(nexttry, std::regex("%20"), " ");
#else
      fProg = nexttry;
#endif
      return;
   }
 
   if (!check_std_paths)
      return;
 
#ifdef _MSC_VER
   std::string ProgramFiles = gSystem->Getenv("ProgramFiles");
   auto pos = ProgramFiles.find(" (x86)");
   if (pos != std::string::npos)
      ProgramFiles.erase(pos, 6);
   std::string ProgramFilesx86 = gSystem->Getenv("ProgramFiles(x86)");
 
   if (!ProgramFiles.empty())
      TestProg(ProgramFiles + nexttry, false);
   if (!ProgramFilesx86.empty())
      TestProg(ProgramFilesx86 + nexttry, false);
#endif
}
 
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Display given URL in web browser
 
std::unique_ptr<RWebDisplayHandle>
RWebDisplayHandle::BrowserCreator::Display(const RWebDisplayArgs &args)
{
   std::string url = args.GetFullUrl();
   if (url.empty())
      return nullptr;
 
   if(args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kServer) {
      std::cout << "New web window: " << url << std::endl;
      return std::make_unique<RWebBrowserHandle>(url, "", "", "");
   }
 
   std::string exec;
   if (args.IsBatchMode())
      exec = fBatchExec;
   else if (args.IsHeadless())
      exec = fHeadlessExec;
   else if (args.IsStandalone())
      exec = fExec;
   else
      exec = "$prog $url &";
 
   if (exec.empty())
      return nullptr;
 
   std::string swidth = std::to_string(args.GetWidth() > 0 ? args.GetWidth() : 800),
               sheight = std::to_string(args.GetHeight() > 0 ? args.GetHeight() : 600),
               sposx = std::to_string(args.GetX() >= 0 ? args.GetX() : 0),
               sposy = std::to_string(args.GetY() >= 0 ? args.GetY() : 0);
 
   ProcessGeometry(exec, args);
 
   std::string rmdir = MakeProfile(exec, args.IsBatchMode() || args.IsHeadless());
 
   std::string tmpfile;
 
   // these are secret parameters, hide them in temp file
   if ((url.find("token=") || url.find("key=")) && !args.IsBatchMode() && !args.IsHeadless()) {
      TString filebase = "root_start_";
 
      auto f = gSystem->TempFileName(filebase, nullptr, ".html");
 
      bool ferr = false;
 
      if (!f) {
         ferr = true;
      } else {
         std::string content = std::regex_replace(
            "<!DOCTYPE html>\n"
            "<html lang=\"en\">\n"
            "<head>\n"
            "   <meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n"
            "   <meta http-equiv=\"refresh\" content=\"0;url=$url\"/>\n"
            "   <title>Opening ROOT widget</title>\n"
            "</head>\n"
            "<body>\n"
            "<p>\n"
            "  This page should redirect you to a ROOT widget. If it doesn't,\n"
            "  <a href=\"$url\">click here to go to ROOT</a>.\n"
            "</p>\n"
            "</body>\n"
            "</html>\n", std::regex("\\$url"), url);
 
         if (fwrite(content.c_str(), 1, content.length(), f) != content.length())
            ferr = true;
 
         if (fclose(f) != 0)
            ferr = true;
 
         tmpfile = filebase.Data();
 
         url = "file://"s + tmpfile;
      }
 
      if (ferr) {
         if (!tmpfile.empty())
            gSystem->Unlink(tmpfile.c_str());
         R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Fail to create temporary HTML file to startup widget";
         return nullptr;
      }
   }
 
   exec = std::regex_replace(exec, std::regex("\\$rootetcdir"), TROOT::GetEtcDir().Data());
   exec = std::regex_replace(exec, std::regex("\\$url"), url);
   exec = std::regex_replace(exec, std::regex("\\$width"), swidth);
   exec = std::regex_replace(exec, std::regex("\\$height"), sheight);
   exec = std::regex_replace(exec, std::regex("\\$posx"), sposx);
   exec = std::regex_replace(exec, std::regex("\\$posy"), sposy);
 
   if (exec.compare(0,5,"fork:") == 0) {
      if (fProg.empty()) {
         if (!tmpfile.empty())
            gSystem->Unlink(tmpfile.c_str());
         R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Fork instruction without executable";
         return nullptr;
      }
 
      exec.erase(0, 5);
 
#ifndef _MSC_VER
 
      std::unique_ptr<TObjArray> fargs(TString(exec.c_str()).Tokenize(" "));
      if (!fargs || (fargs->GetLast()<=0)) {
         if (!tmpfile.empty())
            gSystem->Unlink(tmpfile.c_str());
         R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Fork instruction is empty";
         return nullptr;
      }
 
      std::vector<char *> argv;
      argv.push_back((char *) fProg.c_str());
      for (Int_t n = 0; n <= fargs->GetLast(); ++n)
         argv.push_back((char *)fargs->At(n)->GetName());
      argv.push_back(nullptr);
 
      R__LOG_DEBUG(0, WebGUILog()) << "Show web window in browser with posix_spawn:\n" << fProg << " " << exec;
 
      pid_t pid;
      int status = posix_spawn(&pid, argv[0], nullptr, nullptr, argv.data(), nullptr);
      if (status != 0) {
         if (!tmpfile.empty())
            gSystem->Unlink(tmpfile.c_str());
         R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Fail to launch " << argv[0];
         return nullptr;
      }
 
      // add processid and rm dir
 
      return std::make_unique<RWebBrowserHandle>(url, rmdir, tmpfile, pid);
 
#else
 
      if (fProg.empty()) {
         if (!tmpfile.empty())
            gSystem->Unlink(tmpfile.c_str());
         R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "No Web browser found";
         return nullptr;
      }
 
      // use UnixPathName to simplify handling of backslashes
      exec = "wmic process call create '"s + gSystem->UnixPathName(fProg.c_str()) + exec + "' | find \"ProcessId\" "s;
      std::string process_id = gSystem->GetFromPipe(exec.c_str()).Data();
      std::stringstream ss(process_id);
      std::string tmp;
      char c;
      int pid = 0;
      ss >> tmp >> c >> pid;
 
      if (pid <= 0) {
         if (!tmpfile.empty())
            gSystem->Unlink(tmpfile.c_str());
         R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Fail to launch " << fProg;
         return nullptr;
      }
 
      // add processid and rm dir
      return std::make_unique<RWebBrowserHandle>(url, rmdir, tmpfile, pid);
#endif
   }
 
#ifdef _MSC_VER
 
   if (exec.rfind("&") == exec.length() - 1) {
 
      // if last symbol is &, use _spawn to detach execution
      exec.resize(exec.length() - 1);
 
      std::vector<char *> argv;
      std::string firstarg = fProg;
      auto slashpos = firstarg.find_last_of("/\\");
      if (slashpos != std::string::npos)
         firstarg.erase(0, slashpos + 1);
      argv.push_back((char *)firstarg.c_str());
 
      std::unique_ptr<TObjArray> fargs(TString(exec.c_str()).Tokenize(" "));
      for (Int_t n = 1; n <= fargs->GetLast(); ++n)
         argv.push_back((char *)fargs->At(n)->GetName());
      argv.push_back(nullptr);
 
      R__LOG_DEBUG(0, WebGUILog()) << "Showing web window in " << fProg << " with:\n" << exec;
 
      _spawnv(_P_NOWAIT, gSystem->UnixPathName(fProg.c_str()), argv.data());
 
      return std::make_unique<RWebBrowserHandle>(url, rmdir, tmpfile, ""s);
   }
 
   std::string prog = "\""s + gSystem->UnixPathName(fProg.c_str()) + "\""s;
 
#else
 
#ifdef R__MACOSX
   std::string prog = std::regex_replace(fProg, std::regex(" "), "\\ ");
#else
   std::string prog = fProg;
#endif
 
#endif
 
   exec = std::regex_replace(exec, std::regex("\\$prog"), prog);
 
   std::string redirect = args.GetRedirectOutput(), dump_content;
 
   if (!redirect.empty()) {
      auto p = exec.length();
      if (exec.rfind("&") == p-1) --p;
      exec.insert(p, " >"s + redirect + " "s);
   }
 
   R__LOG_DEBUG(0, WebGUILog()) << "Showing web window in browser with:\n" << exec;
 
   gSystem->Exec(exec.c_str());
 
   // read content of redirected output
   if (!redirect.empty()) {
      dump_content = THttpServer::ReadFileContent(redirect.c_str());
 
      gSystem->Unlink(redirect.c_str());
   }
 
   return std::make_unique<RWebBrowserHandle>(url, rmdir, tmpfile, dump_content);
}
 
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Constructor
 
RWebDisplayHandle::ChromeCreator::ChromeCreator(bool _edge) : BrowserCreator(true)
{
   fEdge = _edge;
 
   fEnvPrefix = fEdge ? "WebGui.Edge" : "WebGui.Chrome";
 
   TestProg(gEnv->GetValue(fEnvPrefix.c_str(), ""));
 
   if (!fProg.empty() && !fEdge)
      fChromeVersion = gEnv->GetValue("WebGui.ChromeVersion", -1);
 
#ifdef _MSC_VER
   if (fEdge)
      TestProg("\\Microsoft\\Edge\\Application\\msedge.exe", true);
   else
      TestProg("\\Google\\Chrome\\Application\\chrome.exe", true);
#endif
#ifdef R__MACOSX
   TestProg("/Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome");
#endif
#ifdef R__LINUX
   TestProg("/usr/bin/chromium");
   TestProg("/usr/bin/chromium-browser");
   TestProg("/usr/bin/chrome-browser");
   TestProg("/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable");
   TestProg("/usr/bin/google-chrome");
#endif
 
#ifdef _MSC_VER
   fBatchExec = gEnv->GetValue((fEnvPrefix + "Batch").c_str(), "$prog --headless $geometry $url");
   fHeadlessExec = gEnv->GetValue((fEnvPrefix + "Headless").c_str(), "$prog --headless --disable-gpu $geometry \"$url\" --dump-dom &");
   fExec = gEnv->GetValue((fEnvPrefix + "Interactive").c_str(), "$prog $geometry --new-window --app=$url &"); // & in windows mean usage of spawn
#else
#ifdef R__MACOSX
   bool use_normal = true; // mac does not like new flag
#else
   bool use_normal = fChromeVersion < 119;
#endif
   if (use_normal) {
      // old browser with standard headless mode
      fBatchExec = gEnv->GetValue((fEnvPrefix + "Batch").c_str(), "$prog --headless --no-sandbox --no-zygote --disable-extensions --disable-gpu --disable-audio-output $geometry $url");
      fHeadlessExec = gEnv->GetValue((fEnvPrefix + "Headless").c_str(), "$prog --headless --no-sandbox --no-zygote --disable-extensions --disable-gpu --disable-audio-output $geometry \'$url\' --dump-dom >/dev/null &");
   } else {
      // newer version with headless=new mode
      fBatchExec = gEnv->GetValue((fEnvPrefix + "Batch").c_str(), "$prog --headless=new --no-sandbox --no-zygote --disable-extensions --disable-gpu --disable-audio-output $geometry $url");
      fHeadlessExec = gEnv->GetValue((fEnvPrefix + "Headless").c_str(), "$prog --headless=new --no-sandbox --no-zygote --disable-extensions --disable-gpu --disable-audio-output $geometry \'$url\' &");
   }
   fExec = gEnv->GetValue((fEnvPrefix + "Interactive").c_str(), "$prog $geometry --new-window --app=\'$url\' >/dev/null 2>/dev/null &");
#endif
}
 
 
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Replace $geometry placeholder with geometry settings
/// Also RWebDisplayArgs::GetExtraArgs() are appended
 
void RWebDisplayHandle::ChromeCreator::ProcessGeometry(std::string &exec, const RWebDisplayArgs &args)
{
   std::string geometry;
   if ((args.GetWidth() > 0) && (args.GetHeight() > 0))
      geometry = "--window-size="s + std::to_string(args.GetWidth())
                                   + (args.IsHeadless() ? "x"s : ","s)
                                   + std::to_string(args.GetHeight());
 
   if (((args.GetX() >= 0) || (args.GetY() >= 0)) && !args.IsHeadless()) {
      if (!geometry.empty()) geometry.append(" ");
      geometry.append("--window-position="s + std::to_string(args.GetX() >= 0 ? args.GetX() : 0) + ","s +
                                           std::to_string(args.GetY() >= 0 ? args.GetY() : 0));
   }
 
   if (!args.GetExtraArgs().empty()) {
      if (!geometry.empty()) geometry.append(" ");
      geometry.append(args.GetExtraArgs());
   }
 
   exec = std::regex_replace(exec, std::regex("\\$geometry"), geometry);
}
 
 
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Handle profile argument
 
std::string RWebDisplayHandle::ChromeCreator::MakeProfile(std::string &exec, bool)
{
   std::string rmdir, profile_arg;
 
   if (exec.find("$profile") == std::string::npos)
      return rmdir;
 
   const char *chrome_profile = gEnv->GetValue((fEnvPrefix + "Profile").c_str(), "");
   if (chrome_profile && *chrome_profile) {
      profile_arg = chrome_profile;
   } else {
      gRandom->SetSeed(0);
      profile_arg = gSystem->TempDirectory();
#ifdef _MSC_VER
      char slash = '\\';
#else
      char slash = '/';
#endif
      if (!profile_arg.empty() && (profile_arg[profile_arg.length()-1] != slash))
         profile_arg += slash;
      profile_arg += "root_chrome_profile_"s + std::to_string(gRandom->Integer(0x100000));
 
      rmdir = profile_arg;
   }
 
   exec = std::regex_replace(exec, std::regex("\\$profile"), profile_arg);
 
   return rmdir;
}
 
 
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Constructor
 
RWebDisplayHandle::FirefoxCreator::FirefoxCreator() : BrowserCreator(true)
{
   TestProg(gEnv->GetValue("WebGui.Firefox", ""));
 
#ifdef _MSC_VER
   TestProg("\\Mozilla Firefox\\firefox.exe", true);
#endif
#ifdef R__MACOSX
   TestProg("/Applications/Firefox.app/Contents/MacOS/firefox");
#endif
#ifdef R__LINUX
   TestProg("/usr/bin/firefox");
   TestProg("/usr/bin/firefox-bin");
#endif
 
#ifdef _MSC_VER
   // there is a problem when specifying the window size with wmic on windows:
   // It gives: Invalid format. Hint: <paramlist> = <param> [, <paramlist>].
   fBatchExec = gEnv->GetValue("WebGui.FirefoxBatch", "$prog -headless -no-remote $profile $url");
   fHeadlessExec = gEnv->GetValue("WebGui.FirefoxHeadless", "$prog -headless -no-remote $profile $url &");
   fExec = gEnv->GetValue("WebGui.FirefoxInteractive", "$prog -no-remote $profile $geometry $url &");
#else
   fBatchExec = gEnv->GetValue("WebGui.FirefoxBatch", "$prog --headless --private-window -no-remote $profile $url");
   fHeadlessExec = gEnv->GetValue("WebGui.FirefoxHeadless", "fork:--headless --private-window -no-remote $profile $url");
   fExec = gEnv->GetValue("WebGui.FirefoxInteractive", "$rootetcdir/runfirefox.sh $cleanup_profile $prog -no-remote $profile $geometry -url \'$url\' &");
#endif
}
 
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Process window geometry for Firefox
 
void RWebDisplayHandle::FirefoxCreator::ProcessGeometry(std::string &exec, const RWebDisplayArgs &args)
{
   std::string geometry;
   if ((args.GetWidth() > 0) && (args.GetHeight() > 0) && !args.IsHeadless())
      geometry = "-width="s + std::to_string(args.GetWidth()) + " -height=" + std::to_string(args.GetHeight());
 
   exec = std::regex_replace(exec, std::regex("\\$geometry"), geometry);
}
 
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Create Firefox profile to run independent browser window
 
std::string RWebDisplayHandle::FirefoxCreator::MakeProfile(std::string &exec, bool batch_mode)
{
   std::string rmdir, profile_arg;
 
   if (exec.find("$profile") == std::string::npos)
      return rmdir;
 
   const char *ff_profile = gEnv->GetValue("WebGui.FirefoxProfile", "");
   const char *ff_profilepath = gEnv->GetValue("WebGui.FirefoxProfilePath", "");
   Int_t ff_randomprofile = gEnv->GetValue("WebGui.FirefoxRandomProfile", (Int_t) 1);
   if (ff_profile && *ff_profile) {
      profile_arg = "-P "s + ff_profile;
   } else if (ff_profilepath && *ff_profilepath) {
      profile_arg = "-profile "s + ff_profilepath;
   } else if (ff_randomprofile > 0) {
 
      gRandom->SetSeed(0);
      std::string profile_dir = gSystem->TempDirectory();
 
#ifdef _MSC_VER
      char slash = '\\';
#else
      char slash = '/';
#endif
      if (!profile_dir.empty() && (profile_dir[profile_dir.length()-1] != slash))
         profile_dir += slash;
      profile_dir += "root_ff_profile_"s + std::to_string(gRandom->Integer(0x100000));
 
      profile_arg = "-profile "s + profile_dir;
 
      if (gSystem->mkdir(profile_dir.c_str()) == 0) {
         rmdir = profile_dir;
 
         std::ofstream user_js(profile_dir + "/user.js", std::ios::trunc);
         // workaround for current Firefox, without such settings it fail to close window and terminate it from batch
         // also disable question about upload of data
         user_js << "user_pref(\"datareporting.policy.dataSubmissionPolicyAcceptedVersion\", 2);" << std::endl;
         user_js << "user_pref(\"datareporting.policy.dataSubmissionPolicyNotifiedTime\", \"1635760572813\");" << std::endl;
 
         // try to ensure that window closes with last tab
         user_js << "user_pref(\"browser.tabs.closeWindowWithLastTab\", true);" << std::endl;
         user_js << "user_pref(\"dom.allow_scripts_to_close_windows\", true);" << std::endl;
         user_js << "user_pref(\"browser.sessionstore.resume_from_crash\", false);" << std::endl;
 
         if (batch_mode) {
            // allow to dump messages to std output
            user_js << "user_pref(\"browser.dom.window.dump.enabled\", true);" << std::endl;
         } else {
            // to suppress annoying privacy tab
            user_js << "user_pref(\"datareporting.policy.firstRunURL\", \"\");" << std::endl;
            // to use custom userChrome.css files
            user_js << "user_pref(\"toolkit.legacyUserProfileCustomizations.stylesheets\", true);" << std::endl;
            // do not put tabs in title
            user_js << "user_pref(\"browser.tabs.inTitlebar\", 0);" << std::endl;
 
            std::ofstream times_json(profile_dir + "/times.json", std::ios::trunc);
            times_json << "{" << std::endl;
            times_json << "   \"created\": 1699968480952," << std::endl;
            times_json << "   \"firstUse\": null" << std::endl;
            times_json << "}" << std::endl;
            if (gSystem->mkdir((profile_dir + "/chrome").c_str()) == 0) {
               std::ofstream style(profile_dir + "/chrome/userChrome.css", std::ios::trunc);
               // do not show tabs
               style << "#TabsToolbar { visibility: collapse; }" << std::endl;
               // do not show URL
               style << "#nav-bar, #urlbar-container, #searchbar { visibility: collapse !important; }" << std::endl;
            }
         }
 
      } else {
         R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Cannot create Firefox profile directory " << profile_dir;
      }
   }
 
   exec = std::regex_replace(exec, std::regex("\\$profile"), profile_arg);
 
   if (exec.find("$cleanup_profile") != std::string::npos) {
      if (rmdir.empty()) rmdir = "<dummy>";
      exec = std::regex_replace(exec, std::regex("\\$cleanup_profile"), rmdir);
      rmdir.clear(); // no need to delete directory - it will be removed by script
   }
 
   return rmdir;
}
 
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Check if http server required for display
/// \param args - defines where and how to display web window
 
bool RWebDisplayHandle::NeedHttpServer(const RWebDisplayArgs &args)
{
   if ((args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kOff) || (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kCEF) ||
       (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kQt5) || (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kQt6) ||
       (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kLocal))
      return false;
 
   if (!args.IsHeadless() && (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kOn)) {
 
#ifdef WITH_QT6WEB
      auto &qt6 = FindCreator("qt6", "libROOTQt6WebDisplay");
      if (qt6 && qt6->IsActive())
         return false;
#endif
#ifdef WITH_QT5WEB
      auto &qt5 = FindCreator("qt5", "libROOTQt5WebDisplay");
      if (qt5 && qt5->IsActive())
         return false;
#endif
#ifdef WITH_CEFWEB
      auto &cef = FindCreator("cef", "libROOTCefDisplay");
      if (cef && cef->IsActive())
         return false;
#endif
   }
 
   return true;
}
 
 
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Create web display
/// \param args - defines where and how to display web window
/// Returns RWebDisplayHandle, which holds information of running browser application
/// Can be used fully independent from RWebWindow classes just to show any web page
 
std::unique_ptr<RWebDisplayHandle> RWebDisplayHandle::Display(const RWebDisplayArgs &args)
{
   std::unique_ptr<RWebDisplayHandle> handle;
 
   if (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kOff)
      return handle;
 
   auto try_creator = [&](std::unique_ptr<Creator> &creator) {
      if (!creator || !creator->IsActive())
         return false;
      handle = creator->Display(args);
      return handle ? true : false;
   };
 
   bool handleAsLocal = (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kLocal) ||
                        (!args.IsHeadless() && (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kOn)),
        has_qt5web = false, has_qt6web = false, has_cefweb = false;
 
#ifdef WITH_QT5WEB
   has_qt5web = true;
#endif
 
#ifdef WITH_QT6WEB
   has_qt6web = true;
#endif
 
#ifdef WITH_CEFWEB
   has_cefweb = true;
#endif
 
   if ((handleAsLocal && has_qt6web) || (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kQt6)) {
      if (try_creator(FindCreator("qt6", "libROOTQt6WebDisplay")))
         return handle;
   }
 
   if ((handleAsLocal && has_qt5web) || (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kQt5)) {
      if (try_creator(FindCreator("qt5", "libROOTQt5WebDisplay")))
         return handle;
   }
 
   if ((handleAsLocal && has_cefweb) || (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kCEF)) {
      if (try_creator(FindCreator("cef", "libROOTCefDisplay")))
         return handle;
   }
 
   if (args.IsLocalDisplay()) {
      R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Neither Qt5/6 nor CEF libraries were found to provide local display";
      return handle;
   }
 
   bool handleAsNative =
      (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kNative) || (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kOn);
 
#ifdef _MSC_VER
   if (handleAsNative || (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kEdge)) {
      if (try_creator(FindCreator("edge", "ChromeCreator")))
         return handle;
   }
#endif
 
   if (handleAsNative || (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kChrome)) {
      if (try_creator(FindCreator("chrome", "ChromeCreator")))
         return handle;
   }
 
   if (handleAsNative || (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kFirefox)) {
      if (try_creator(FindCreator("firefox", "FirefoxCreator")))
         return handle;
   }
 
   if ((args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kNative) || (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kChrome) ||
       (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kFirefox) || (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kEdge)) {
      // R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Neither Chrome nor Firefox browser cannot be started to provide display";
      return handle;
   }
 
   if ((args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kCustom)) {
      std::unique_ptr<Creator> creator = std::make_unique<BrowserCreator>(false, args.GetCustomExec());
      try_creator(creator);
   } else {
      try_creator(FindCreator("browser", "BrowserCreator"));
   }
 
   return handle;
}
 
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Display provided url in configured web browser
/// \param url - specified URL address like https://root.cern
/// Browser can specified when starting `root --web=firefox`
/// Returns true when browser started
/// It is convenience method, equivalent to:
/// ~~~
///     RWebDisplayArgs args;
///     args.SetUrl(url);
///     args.SetStandalone(false);
///     auto handle = RWebDisplayHandle::Display(args);
/// ~~~
 
bool RWebDisplayHandle::DisplayUrl(const std::string &url)
{
   RWebDisplayArgs args;
   args.SetUrl(url);
   args.SetStandalone(false);
 
   auto handle = Display(args);
 
   return !!handle;
}
 
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Checks if configured browser can be used for image production
 
bool RWebDisplayHandle::CheckIfCanProduceImages(RWebDisplayArgs &args)
{
   if ((args.GetBrowserKind() != RWebDisplayArgs::kFirefox) && (args.GetBrowserKind() != RWebDisplayArgs::kEdge) &&
       (args.GetBrowserKind() != RWebDisplayArgs::kChrome) && (args.GetBrowserKind() != RWebDisplayArgs::kCEF) &&
       (args.GetBrowserKind() != RWebDisplayArgs::kQt5) && (args.GetBrowserKind() != RWebDisplayArgs::kQt6)) {
      bool detected = false;
 
      auto &h1 = FindCreator("chrome", "ChromeCreator");
      if (h1 && h1->IsActive()) {
         args.SetBrowserKind(RWebDisplayArgs::kChrome);
         detected = true;
      }
 
      if (!detected) {
         auto &h2 = FindCreator("firefox", "FirefoxCreator");
         if (h2 && h2->IsActive()) {
            args.SetBrowserKind(RWebDisplayArgs::kFirefox);
            detected = true;
         }
      }
 
#ifdef _MSC_VER
      if (!detected) {
         auto &h3 = FindCreator("edge", "ChromeCreator");
         if (h3 && h3->IsActive()) {
            args.SetBrowserKind(RWebDisplayArgs::kEdge);
            detected = true;
         }
      }
#endif
      return detected;
   }
 
   if (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kChrome) {
      auto &h1 = FindCreator("chrome", "ChromeCreator");
      return h1 && h1->IsActive();
   }
 
   if (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kFirefox) {
      auto &h2 = FindCreator("firefox", "FirefoxCreator");
      return h2 && h2->IsActive();
   }
 
#ifdef _MSC_VER
   if (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kEdge) {
      auto &h3 = FindCreator("edge", "ChromeCreator");
      return h3 && h3->IsActive();
   }
#endif
 
   return true;
}
 
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Returns true if image production for specified browser kind is supported
/// If browser not specified - use currently configured browser or try to test existing web browsers
 
bool RWebDisplayHandle::CanProduceImages(const std::string &browser)
{
   RWebDisplayArgs args(browser);
 
   return CheckIfCanProduceImages(args);
}
 
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Produce image file using JSON data as source
/// Invokes JSROOT drawing functionality in headless browser - Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox
bool RWebDisplayHandle::ProduceImage(const std::string &fname, const std::string &json, int width, int height, const char *batch_file)
{
   return ProduceImages(fname, {json}, {width}, {height}, batch_file);
}
 
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Produce image file(s) using JSON data as source
/// Invokes JSROOT drawing functionality in headless browser - Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox
bool RWebDisplayHandle::ProduceImages(const std::string &fname, const std::vector<std::string> &jsons, const std::vector<int> &widths, const std::vector<int> &heights, const char *batch_file)
{
   if (jsons.empty())
      return false;
 
   std::string _fname = fname;
   std::transform(_fname.begin(), _fname.end(), _fname.begin(), ::tolower);
   auto EndsWith = [&_fname](const std::string &suffix) {
      return (_fname.length() > suffix.length()) ? (0 == _fname.compare(_fname.length() - suffix.length(), suffix.length(), suffix)) : false;
   };
 
   std::vector<std::string> fnames;
 
   if (!EndsWith(".pdf")) {
      bool has_quialifier = _fname.find("%") != std::string::npos;
 
      if (!has_quialifier && (jsons.size() > 1)) {
         _fname.insert(_fname.rfind("."), "%d");
         has_quialifier = true;
      }
 
      for (unsigned n = 0; n < jsons.size(); n++) {
         if (has_quialifier) {
            auto expand_name = TString::Format(_fname.c_str(), (int) n);
            fnames.emplace_back(expand_name.Data());
         } else {
            fnames.emplace_back(_fname);
         }
      }
   }
 
   if (EndsWith(".json")) {
      for (unsigned n = 0; n < jsons.size(); ++n) {
         std::ofstream ofs(fnames[n]);
         ofs << jsons[n];
      }
      return true;
   }
 
   const char *jsrootsys = gSystem->Getenv("JSROOTSYS");
   TString jsrootsysdflt;
   if (!jsrootsys) {
      jsrootsysdflt = TROOT::GetDataDir() + "/js";
      if (gSystem->ExpandPathName(jsrootsysdflt)) {
         R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Fail to locate JSROOT " << jsrootsysdflt;
         return false;
      }
      jsrootsys = jsrootsysdflt.Data();
   }
 
   RWebDisplayArgs args; // set default browser kind, only Chrome/Firefox/Edge or CEF/Qt5/Qt6 can be used here
   if (!CheckIfCanProduceImages(args)) {
      R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Fail to detect supported browsers for image production";
      return false;
   }
 
   auto isChromeBased = (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kChrome) || (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kEdge),
        isFirefox = args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kFirefox;
 
   std::string draw_kind;
 
   if (EndsWith(".pdf"))
      draw_kind = "draw"; // not a JSROOT drawing but Chrome capability to create PDF out of HTML page is used
   else if (EndsWith("shot.png") && (jsons.size() == 1))
      draw_kind = isChromeBased ? "draw" : "png"; // using screenshot
   else if (EndsWith(".svg"))
      draw_kind = "svg";
   else if (EndsWith(".png"))
      draw_kind = "png";
   else if (EndsWith(".jpg") || EndsWith(".jpeg"))
      draw_kind = "jpeg";
   else if (EndsWith(".webp"))
      draw_kind = "webp";
   else
      return false;
 
   if (!batch_file || !*batch_file)
      batch_file = "/js/files/canv_batch.htm";
 
   TString origin = TROOT::GetDataDir() + batch_file;
   if (gSystem->ExpandPathName(origin)) {
      R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Fail to find " << origin;
      return false;
   }
 
   auto filecont = THttpServer::ReadFileContent(origin.Data());
   if (filecont.empty()) {
      R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Fail to read content of " << origin;
      return false;
   }
 
   int max_width = 0, max_height = 0, page_margin = 10;
   for (auto &w : widths)
      if (w > max_width)
         max_width = w;
   for (auto &h : heights)
      if (h > max_height)
         max_height = h;
 
   auto jsonw = TBufferJSON::ToJSON(&widths, TBufferJSON::kNoSpaces);
   auto jsonh = TBufferJSON::ToJSON(&heights, TBufferJSON::kNoSpaces);
 
   std::string mains;
   for (auto &json : jsons) {
      mains.append(mains.empty() ? "[" : ", ");
      mains.append(json);
   }
   mains.append("]");
 
   if (strstr(jsrootsys,"http://") || strstr(jsrootsys,"https://") || strstr(jsrootsys,"file://"))
      filecont = std::regex_replace(filecont, std::regex("\\$jsrootsys"), jsrootsys);
   else
      filecont = std::regex_replace(filecont, std::regex("\\$jsrootsys"), "file://"s + jsrootsys);
 
   filecont = std::regex_replace(filecont, std::regex("\\$page_margin"), std::to_string(page_margin) + "px");
   filecont = std::regex_replace(filecont, std::regex("\\$page_width"), std::to_string(max_width + 2*page_margin) + "px");
   filecont = std::regex_replace(filecont, std::regex("\\$page_height"), std::to_string(max_height + 2*page_margin) + "px");
 
   filecont = std::regex_replace(filecont, std::regex("\\$draw_kind"), draw_kind);
   filecont = std::regex_replace(filecont, std::regex("\\$draw_widths"), jsonw.Data());
   filecont = std::regex_replace(filecont, std::regex("\\$draw_heights"), jsonh.Data());
   filecont = std::regex_replace(filecont, std::regex("\\$draw_objects"), mains);
 
   TString dump_name;
   if (draw_kind == "draw") {
      if (!isChromeBased) {
         R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Creation of PDF files supported only by Chrome-based browser";
         return false;
      }
   } else if (isChromeBased || isFirefox) {
      dump_name = "canvasdump";
      FILE *df = gSystem->TempFileName(dump_name);
      if (!df) {
         R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Fail to create temporary file for dump-dom";
         return false;
      }
      fputs("placeholder", df);
      fclose(df);
   }
 
   // When true, place HTML file into home directory
   // Some Chrome installation do not allow run html code from files, created in /tmp directory
   static bool chrome_tmp_workaround = false;
 
   TString tmp_name, html_name;
 
try_again:
 
   if ((args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kCEF) || (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kQt5) || (args.GetBrowserKind() == RWebDisplayArgs::kQt6)) {
      args.SetUrl(""s);
      args.SetPageContent(filecont);
 
      tmp_name.Clear();
      html_name.Clear();
 
      R__LOG_DEBUG(0, WebGUILog()) << "Using file content_len " << filecont.length() << " to produce batch images " << fname;
 
   } else {
      tmp_name = "canvasbody";
      FILE *hf = gSystem->TempFileName(tmp_name);
      if (!hf) {
         R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Fail to create temporary file for batch job";
         return false;
      }
      fputs(filecont.c_str(), hf);
      fclose(hf);
 
      html_name = tmp_name + ".html";
 
      if (chrome_tmp_workaround) {
         std::string homedir = gSystem->GetHomeDirectory();
         auto pos = html_name.Last('/');
         if (pos == kNPOS)
            html_name = TString::Format("/random%d.html", gRandom->Integer(1000000));
         else
            html_name.Remove(0, pos);
         html_name = homedir + html_name.Data();
         gSystem->Unlink(html_name.Data());
         gSystem->Unlink(tmp_name.Data());
 
         std::ofstream ofs(html_name.Data(), std::ofstream::out);
         ofs << filecont;
      } else {
         if (gSystem->Rename(tmp_name.Data(), html_name.Data()) != 0) {
            R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Fail to rename temp file " << tmp_name << " into " << html_name;
            gSystem->Unlink(tmp_name.Data());
            return false;
         }
      }
 
      args.SetUrl("file://"s + gSystem->UnixPathName(html_name.Data()));
      args.SetPageContent(""s);
 
      R__LOG_DEBUG(0, WebGUILog()) << "Using " << html_name << " content_len " << filecont.length() << " to produce batch images " << fname;
   }
 
   TString wait_file_name;
 
   args.SetStandalone(true);
   args.SetHeadless(true);
   args.SetBatchMode(true);
   args.SetSize(widths[0], heights[0]);
 
   if (draw_kind == "draw") {
 
      TString tgtfilename = fname.c_str();
      if (!gSystem->IsAbsoluteFileName(tgtfilename.Data()))
         gSystem->PrependPathName(gSystem->WorkingDirectory(), tgtfilename);
 
      wait_file_name = tgtfilename;
 
      if (EndsWith(".pdf"))
         args.SetExtraArgs("--print-to-pdf-no-header --print-to-pdf="s + gSystem->UnixPathName(tgtfilename.Data()));
      else
         args.SetExtraArgs("--screenshot="s + gSystem->UnixPathName(tgtfilename.Data()));
 
      // remove target image file - we use it as detection when chrome is ready
      gSystem->Unlink(tgtfilename.Data());
 
   } else if (isFirefox) {
      // firefox will use window.dump to output produced result
      args.SetRedirectOutput(dump_name.Data());
      gSystem->Unlink(dump_name.Data());
   } else if (isChromeBased) {
      // require temporary output file
      args.SetExtraArgs("--dump-dom");
      args.SetRedirectOutput(dump_name.Data());
 
      // wait_file_name = dump_name;
 
      gSystem->Unlink(dump_name.Data());
   }
 
   auto handle = RWebDisplayHandle::Display(args);
 
   if (!handle) {
      R__LOG_DEBUG(0, WebGUILog()) << "Cannot start " << args.GetBrowserName() << " to produce image " << fname;
      return false;
   }
 
   // delete temporary HTML file
   if (html_name.Length() > 0)
      gSystem->Unlink(html_name.Data());
 
   if (!wait_file_name.IsNull() && gSystem->AccessPathName(wait_file_name.Data())) {
      R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Fail to produce image " << fname;
      return false;
   }
 
   if (draw_kind != "draw") {
 
      auto dumpcont = handle->GetContent();
 
      if ((dumpcont.length() > 20) && (dumpcont.length() < 60) && !chrome_tmp_workaround && isChromeBased) {
         // chrome creates dummy html file with mostly no content
         // problem running chrome from /tmp directory, lets try work from home directory
         chrome_tmp_workaround = true;
         goto try_again;
      }
 
      if (dumpcont.length() < 100) {
         R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Fail to dump HTML code into " << (dump_name.IsNull() ? "CEF" : dump_name.Data());
         return false;
      }
 
      if (draw_kind == "svg") {
 
         std::string::size_type p = 0;
 
         for (auto & fn : fnames) {
            auto p1 = dumpcont.find("<svg", p);
            auto p2 = dumpcont.find("</svg></div>", p1 + 4);
            p = p2 + 6;
            std::ofstream ofs(fn);
            if ((p1 != std::string::npos) && (p2 != std::string::npos) && (p1 < p2)) {
               ofs << dumpcont.substr(p1, p2-p1+6);
               ::Info("ProduceImage", "SVG file %s size %d bytes has been created", fn.c_str(), (int) (p2-p1+6));
            } else {
               R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Fail to extract SVG from HTML dump " << dump_name;
               ofs << "Failure!!!\n" << dumpcont;
               return false;
            }
         }
      } else {
 
         std::string::size_type p = 0;
 
         for (auto &fn : fnames) {
 
            auto p1 = dumpcont.find(";base64,", p);
            auto p2 = dumpcont.find("></div>", p1 + 4);
            p = p2 + 5;
 
            if ((p1 != std::string::npos) && (p2 != std::string::npos) && (p1 < p2)) {
 
               auto base64 = dumpcont.substr(p1+8, p2-p1-9);
               auto binary = TBase64::Decode(base64.c_str());
 
               std::ofstream ofs(fn, std::ios::binary);
               ofs.write(binary.Data(), binary.Length());
 
               ::Info("ProduceImage", "Image file %s size %d bytes has been created", fn.c_str(), (int) binary.Length());
            } else {
               R__LOG_ERROR(WebGUILog()) << "Fail to extract image from dump HTML code " << dump_name;
 
               return false;
            }
         }
      }
   } else if (EndsWith(".pdf")) {
      ::Info("ProduceImage", "PDF file %s with %d pages has been created", fname.c_str(), (int) jsons.size());
   }
 
   if (fnames.size() == 1)
      R__LOG_DEBUG(0, WebGUILog()) << "Create file " << fnames[0];
   else
      R__LOG_DEBUG(0, WebGUILog()) << "Create files " << TBufferJSON::ToJSON(&fnames, TBufferJSON::kNoSpaces);
 
   return true;
}