79using std::cout, std::endl, std::string, std::ostream;
93std::unique_ptr<RooAbsDataStore>
97 ?
static_cast<std::unique_ptr<RooAbsDataStore>
>(std::make_unique<RooTreeDataStore>(
name, title, vars))
98 :
static_cast<std::unique_ptr<RooAbsDataStore>
>(std::make_unique<RooVectorDataStore>(
name, title, vars));
172 std::map<string,TH1*> histMap,
double wgt) :
196 std::map<string,RooDataHist*> dhistMap,
double wgt) :
224 std::stringstream errorMsgStream;
225 errorMsgStream <<
"RooDataHist::ctor(" <<
GetName() <<
") ERROR: dimension of input histogram must match "
226 <<
"number of dimension variables";
227 const std::string errorMsg = errorMsgStream.str();
228 coutE(InputArguments) << errorMsg << std::endl;
229 throw std::invalid_argument(errorMsg);
279 RooAbsData(
name,title,
RooArgSet(vars,static_cast<
RooAbsArg*>(
RooCmdConfig::decodeObjOnTheFly(
"RooDataHist::RooDataHist",
"IndexCat",0,nullptr,arg1,arg2,arg3,arg4,arg5,arg6,arg7,arg8))))
287 pc.
defineInt(
"impDens",
"ImportHisto",0) ;
289 pc.
defineObject(
"impSliceData",
"ImportDataSlice",0,
nullptr,
true) ;
290 pc.
defineString(
"impSliceState",
"ImportDataSlice",0,
"",
true) ;
293 pc.
defineSet(
"glObs",
"GlobalObservables",0,
nullptr) ;
306 throw std::invalid_argument(
"Invalid command arguments passed to RooDataHist constructor!");
312 bool impDens = pc.
getInt(
"impDens") ;
313 double initWgt = pc.
getDouble(
"weight") ;
315 const char* impSliceNames = pc.
getString(
"impSliceState",
"",
true) ;
322 importTH1(vars,*impHist,initWgt, impDens) ;
324 }
else if (indexCat) {
328 std::map<std::string,RooDataHist*> dmap ;
329 std::map<std::string,TH1*> hmap ;
330 auto hiter = impSliceHistos.
begin() ;
331 for (
const auto& token :
ROOT::Split(impSliceNames,
",",
true)) {
332 if(
auto dHist =
dynamic_cast<RooDataHist*
>(*hiter)) {
335 if(
auto hHist =
dynamic_cast<TH1*
>(*hiter)) {
340 if(!dmap.empty() && !hmap.empty()) {
341 std::stringstream errorMsgStream;
342 errorMsgStream <<
"RooDataHist::ctor(" <<
GetName() <<
") ERROR: you can't import mix of TH1 and RooDataHist";
343 const std::string errorMsg = errorMsgStream.str();
344 coutE(InputArguments) << errorMsg << std::endl;
345 throw std::invalid_argument(errorMsg);
407 for (ix=0 ; ix < xvar->
getBins() ; ix++) {
410 for (iy=0 ; iy < yvar->
getBins() ; iy++) {
413 for (iz=0 ; iz < zvar->
getBins() ; iz++) {
415 double bv = doDensityCorrection ?
binVolume(vset) : 1;
419 double bv = doDensityCorrection ?
binVolume(vset) : 1;
424 double bv = doDensityCorrection ?
binVolume(vset) : 1 ;
432bool checkConsistentAxes(
const TH1* first,
const TH1* second) {
448 constexpr double tolerance = 1
e-6;
450 auto const& vars1 = *
h1.get();
451 auto const& vars2 = *
h2.get();
454 if(!vars1.hasSameLayout(vars2)) {
458 for(std::size_t iVar = 0; iVar < vars1.size(); ++iVar) {
459 auto * var1 =
dynamic_cast<RooRealVar*
>(vars1[iVar]);
460 auto * var2 =
dynamic_cast<RooRealVar*
>(vars2[iVar]);
463 if((!var1 && var2) || (var1 && !var2))
return false;
470 auto const& bng2 = var2->getBinning();
473 if(bng1.numBins() != bng2.numBins())
return false;
475 std::size_t nBins = bng1.
numBins();
478 for(std::size_t iBin = 0; iBin < nBins; ++iBin) {
479 double v1 = bng1.binLow(iBin);
480 double v2 = bng2.binLow(iBin);
481 if(std::abs((
v1 -
v2) /
v1) > tolerance)
return false;
483 double v1 = bng1.binHigh(nBins - 1);
484 double v2 = bng2.binHigh(nBins - 1);
485 if(std::abs((
v1 -
v2) /
v1) > tolerance)
return false;
501 TH1* histo(
nullptr) ;
503 for (
const auto& hiter : hmap) {
506 histo = hiter.second;
508 if (!checkConsistentAxes(histo, hiter.second)) {
509 coutE(InputArguments) <<
"Axes of histogram " << hiter.second->
GetName() <<
" are not consistent with first processed "
510 <<
"histogram " << histo->
GetName() << std::endl;
511 throw std::invalid_argument(
"Axes of inputs for RooDataHist are inconsistent");
515 if (!indexCat.
hasLabel(hiter.first)) {
517 coutI(InputArguments) <<
"RooDataHist::importTH1Set(" <<
GetName() <<
") defining state \"" << hiter.first <<
"\" in index category " << indexCat.
GetName() << endl ;
526 coutE(InputArguments) <<
"RooDataHist::importTH1Set(" <<
GetName() <<
"): dimension of input histogram must match "
527 <<
"number of continuous variables" << endl ;
528 throw std::invalid_argument(
"Inputs histograms for RooDataHist are not compatible with dimensions of variables.");
570 for (ic=0 ; ic < icat->
numBins(
nullptr) ; ic++) {
573 for (ix=0 ; ix < xvar->
getBins() ; ix++) {
576 for (iy=0 ; iy < yvar->
getBins() ; iy++) {
579 for (iz=0 ; iz < zvar->
getBins() ; iz++) {
581 double bv = doDensityCorrection ?
binVolume(vset)/avgBV : 1;
585 double bv = doDensityCorrection ?
binVolume(vset)/avgBV : 1;
590 double bv = doDensityCorrection ?
binVolume(vset)/avgBV : 1;
606 std::map<std::string, RooDataHist *> dmap,
double initWgt)
612 for (
const auto &diter : dmap) {
614 std::string
const &label = diter.first;
617 if (!dhistForBinning) {
618 dhistForBinning = dhist;
620 if (!hasConsistentLayoutAndBinning(*dhistForBinning, *dhist)) {
621 coutE(InputArguments) <<
"Layout or binning of histogram " << dhist->
GetName()
622 <<
" is not consistent with first processed "
623 <<
"histogram " << dhistForBinning->
GetName() << std::endl;
624 throw std::invalid_argument(
"Layout or binning of inputs for RooDataHist is inconsistent");
631 coutI(InputArguments) <<
"RooDataHist::importDHistSet(" <<
GetName() <<
") defining state \"" << label
632 <<
"\" in index category " << indexCat.
GetName() << endl;
634 if (!icat->hasLabel(label)) {
635 icat->defineType(label);
640 for (
auto *theirVar : dynamic_range_cast<RooRealVar *>(dhistForBinning->
_vars)) {
642 if (!theirVar || !ourVar)
650 for (
const auto &diter : dmap) {
651 std::string
const &label = diter.first;
654 icat->setLabel(label.c_str());
670 const std::string ourVarName(ourVar->
GetName() ? ourVar->
GetName() :
"");
677 coutE(InputArguments) <<
"RooDataHist::adjustBinning(" << ownName <<
") ERROR: dimension " << ourVarName
678 <<
" must be real\n";
679 throw std::logic_error(
"Incorrect type object (" + ourVarName +
680 ") passed as argument to RooDataHist::_adjustBinning. Please report this issue.");
683 const double xlo = theirVar.
getMin();
684 const double xhi = theirVar.
getMax();
687 std::unique_ptr<RooAbsBinning> xbins;
695 const double tolerance = 1
e-6 * xbins->averageBinWidth();
698 const int iBinLo = xbins->binNumber(xlo + tolerance);
699 const int iBinHi = xbins->binNumber(xhi - tolerance);
700 const int nBinsAdj = iBinHi - iBinLo + 1;
701 const double xloAdj = xbins->binLow(iBinLo);
702 const double xhiAdj = xbins->binHigh(iBinHi);
705 xbins = std::make_unique<RooUniformBinning>(xloAdj, xhiAdj, nBinsAdj);
708 xbins->setRange(xloAdj, xhiAdj);
712 if (std::abs(xloAdj - xlo) > tolerance || std::abs(xhiAdj - xhi) > tolerance) {
713 coutI(DataHandling) <<
"RooDataHist::adjustBinning(" << ownName <<
"): fit range of variable " << ourVarName
714 <<
" expanded to nearest bin boundaries: [" << xlo <<
"," << xhi <<
"] --> [" << xloAdj <<
","
759void cloneArray(
double*& ours,
const double* theirs, std::size_t
n) {
760 if (ours)
delete[] ours;
763 ours =
new double[
n];
764 std::copy(theirs, theirs+
n, ours);
768void initArray(
double*& arr, std::size_t
n,
double val) {
769 if (arr)
delete[] arr;
773 std::fill(arr, arr+
n, val);
789 for (
unsigned int i = 0; i <
_vars.
size(); ++i) {
801 const RooAbsBinning* binning = lvarg->getBinningPtr(
nullptr);
802 _lvbins.emplace_back(binning ? binning->
clone() :
nullptr);
811 for (
const auto var :
_vars) {
816 for (
unsigned int i = 0u; i<
n; i++) {
840 if (!fillTree) return ;
849 double theBinVolume(1) ;
854 theBinVolume *= arg2->getBinWidth(idx) ;
856 _binv[ibin] = theBinVolume ;
873 std::vector<double>& bounds =
_binbounds.back();
874 bounds.reserve(2 * it->numBins());
875 for (
Int_t i = 0; i < it->numBins(); ++i) {
876 bounds.push_back(it->binLow(i));
877 bounds.push_back(it->binHigh(i));
888 RooAbsData(other,newname),
RooDirItem(), _arrSize(other._arrSize), _idxMult(other._idxMult), _pbinvCache(other._pbinvCache)
899 for (
const auto rvarg :
_vars) {
903 const RooAbsBinning* binning = lvarg->getBinningPtr(
nullptr);
904 _lvbins.emplace_back(binning ? binning->
clone() :
nullptr) ;
917 std::size_t nStart, std::size_t nStop)
922 auto rdh = std::make_unique<RooDataHist>(
GetName(),
GetTitle(), myVarSubset);
925 std::unique_ptr<RooArgSet> tmp;
927 tmp = std::make_unique<RooArgSet>();
930 coutE(DataHandling) <<
"RooDataHist::reduceEng(" <<
GetName() <<
") Couldn't deep-clone cut variable, abort," << endl ;
939 const std::size_t nevt = nStop < static_cast<std::size_t>(
numEntries()) ? nStop :
static_cast<std::size_t
>(
numEntries());
940 for (
auto i=nStart; i<nevt ; i++) {
943 bool doSelect(
true) ;
945 for (
const auto arg : *row) {
946 if (!arg->inRange(cutRange)) {
952 if (!doSelect) continue ;
954 if (!cloneVar || cloneVar->
getVal()) {
956 rdh->add(*row,
weight(),lo*lo) ;
996 bool correctForBinSize)
const
999 return std::to_string(
_wgt[0]) + (correctForBinSize ?
" / " + std::to_string(
_binv[0]) :
"");
1002 std::string arrayDecl =
"double " + weightName +
"[" + std::to_string(
_arrSize) +
"] = {";
1004 arrayDecl +=
" " + std::to_string(
_wgt[i]) + (correctForBinSize ?
" / " + std::to_string(
_binv[i]) :
"") +
",";
1006 arrayDecl.back() =
' ';
1007 arrayDecl +=
"};\n";
1020 ctx.
addToCodeBody(klass,
"unsigned int " + idxName +
" = 0;\n");
1023 for (std::size_t i = 0; i <
_vars.
size(); ++i) {
1025 std::size_t iVar = reverse ?
_vars.
size() - 1 - i : i;
1031 coutE(InputArguments) <<
"RooHistPdf::weight(" <<
GetName()
1032 <<
") ERROR: Code Squashing currently does not support category values." << std::endl;
1035 coutE(InputArguments) <<
"RooHistPdf::weight(" <<
GetName()
1036 <<
") ERROR: Code Squashing currently only supports uniformly binned cases."
1041 std::string
const &bin = ctx.
buildCall(
"RooFit::Detail::EvaluateFuncs::getUniformBinning", binning->
lowBound(),
1043 ctx.
addToCodeBody(klass, idxName +
" += " + std::to_string(idxMult) +
" * " + bin +
";\n");
1047 idxMult *=
dynamic_cast<RooAbsLValue const *
>(internalVar)->numBins();
1071 if (&
_vars == &coords)
1074 std::size_t masterIdx = 0;
1076 for (
unsigned int i=0; i <
_vars.
size(); ++i) {
1083 const RooAbsArg* theVar = fast ? coords[i] : coords.
find(*internalVar);
1086 theVar = internalVar;
1096 assert(
dynamic_cast<const RooAbsReal*
>(theVar));
1097 const double val =
static_cast<const RooAbsReal*
>(theVar)->getVal();
1103 masterIdx +=
_idxMult[i] * cat->
getBin(
static_cast<const char*
>(
nullptr));
1129 <<
":plotOn: frame does not specify a plot variable" << endl;
1136 <<
":plotOn: dataset doesn't contain plot frame variable" << endl;
1140 o.
bins = &dataVar->getBinning() ;
1161 bool correctForBinSize,
bool cdfBoundaries)
1164 const std::size_t nEvents = xVals.size();
1168 auto binIndices =
reinterpret_cast<int*
>(
output + nEvents) - nEvents;
1169 std::fill(binIndices, binIndices + nEvents, 0);
1170 binning.
binNumbers(xVals.data(), binIndices, nEvents);
1175 std::vector<double> coordsExt(nBins+3);
1176 double* binCoords = coordsExt.data() + 2;
1178 for (std::size_t binIdx = 1; binIdx < nBins ; ++binIdx) {
1180 double binWidth =
_binv[0];
1181 binCoords[binIdx] = binIdx*binWidth + binCoords[0];
1184 double binCentDiff = 0.5*
_binv[binIdx-1] + 0.5*
_binv[binIdx];
1185 binCoords[binIdx] = binCoords[binIdx-1] + binCentDiff;
1189 std::vector<double> weightsExt(nBins+3);
1191 for (std::size_t binIdx = 0; binIdx < nBins; ++binIdx) {
1192 weightsExt[binIdx+2] = correctForBinSize ?
_wgt[binIdx] /
_binv[binIdx] :
_wgt[binIdx];
1195 if (cdfBoundaries) {
1196 coordsExt[0] = - 1
e-10 + binning.
lowBound();
1202 coordsExt[nBins+2] = binning.
highBound();
1203 weightsExt[nBins+2] = 1.;
1207 coordsExt[0] = binCoords[1] - 2*
_binv[0] -
_binv[1];
1208 weightsExt[0] = weightsExt[3];
1210 coordsExt[1] = binCoords[0] -
_binv[0];
1211 weightsExt[1] = weightsExt[2];
1213 coordsExt[nBins+2] = binCoords[nBins-1] +
_binv[nBins-1];
1214 weightsExt[nBins+2] = weightsExt[nBins+1];
1219 for (std::size_t i = 0; i < nEvents ; ++i) {
1220 double xVal = xVals[i];
1221 std::size_t binIdx = binIndices[i] + 2;
1225 if (xVal > coordsExt[binIdx]) {
1229 double x1 = coordsExt[binIdx-2];
1230 double y1 = weightsExt[binIdx-2];
1232 double x2 = coordsExt[binIdx-1];
1233 double y2 = weightsExt[binIdx-1];
1235 double x3 = coordsExt[binIdx];
1236 double y3 = weightsExt[binIdx];
1239 double quotient = (x3-
x1) / (
x2-
x1);
1240 double x1Sqrd =
x1*
x1;
1241 double x3Sqrd = x3*x3;
1243 double secondCoeff = (y3 -
y1 - (
y2-
y1) * quotient) / (x3Sqrd - x1Sqrd - (
x2*
x2 - x1Sqrd) * quotient);
1244 double firstCoeff = (y3 -
y1 - secondCoeff*(x3Sqrd - x1Sqrd)) / (x3-
x1);
1245 double zerothCoeff =
y1 - secondCoeff*x1Sqrd - firstCoeff*
x1;
1247 output[i] = secondCoeff * xVal * xVal + firstCoeff * xVal + zerothCoeff;
1268 bool correctForBinSize,
bool cdfBoundaries)
1271 const std::size_t nEvents = xVals.size();
1275 auto binIndices =
reinterpret_cast<int*
>(
output + nEvents) - nEvents;
1276 std::fill(binIndices, binIndices + nEvents, 0);
1277 binning.
binNumbers(xVals.data(), binIndices, nEvents);
1282 std::vector<double> coordsExt(nBins+2);
1283 double* binCoords = coordsExt.data() + 1;
1285 for (std::size_t binIdx = 1; binIdx < nBins ; ++binIdx) {
1287 double binWidth =
_binv[0];
1288 binCoords[binIdx] = binIdx*binWidth + binCoords[0];
1291 double binCentDiff = 0.5*
_binv[binIdx-1] + 0.5*
_binv[binIdx];
1292 binCoords[binIdx] = binCoords[binIdx-1] + binCentDiff;
1296 std::vector<double> weightsExt(nBins+2);
1298 for (std::size_t binIdx = 0; binIdx < nBins; ++binIdx) {
1299 weightsExt[binIdx+1] = correctForBinSize ?
_wgt[binIdx] /
_binv[binIdx] :
_wgt[binIdx];
1303 if (cdfBoundaries) {
1306 coordsExt[nBins+1] = binning.
highBound();
1307 weightsExt[nBins+1] = 1.;
1311 coordsExt[0] = binCoords[0] -
_binv[0];
1312 weightsExt[0] = weightsExt[1];
1313 coordsExt[nBins+1] = binCoords[nBins-1] +
_binv[nBins-1];
1314 weightsExt[nBins+1] = weightsExt[nBins];
1319 for (std::size_t i = 0; i < nEvents ; ++i) {
1320 double xVal = xVals[i];
1321 std::size_t binIdx = binIndices[i] + 1;
1325 if (xVal > coordsExt[binIdx]) { binIdx += 1; }
1327 double x1 = coordsExt[binIdx-1];
1328 double y1 = weightsExt[binIdx-1];
1329 double x2 = coordsExt[binIdx];
1330 double y2 = weightsExt[binIdx];
1333 double firstCoeff = (
y2-
y1) / (
x2-
x1);
1334 double zerothCoeff =
y1 - firstCoeff *
x1;
1336 output[i] = firstCoeff * xVal + zerothCoeff;
1357 auto const nEvents = xVals.size();
1359 if (intOrder == 0) {
1363 auto binIndices =
reinterpret_cast<int*
>(
output + nEvents) - nEvents;
1364 std::fill(binIndices, binIndices + nEvents, 0);
1365 binning.
binNumbers(xVals.data(), binIndices, nEvents);
1367 for (std::size_t i=0; i < nEvents; ++i) {
1368 auto binIdx = binIndices[i];
1372 else if (intOrder == 1) {
1375 else if (intOrder == 2) {
1380 coutE(InputArguments) <<
"RooDataHist::weights(" <<
GetName() <<
") interpolation in "
1381 << intOrder <<
" dimensions not yet implemented" << std::endl ;
1383 weights(
output, xVals, 1, correctForBinSize, cdfBoundaries);
1409 coutE(InputArguments) <<
"RooDataHist::weight(" <<
GetName() <<
") ERROR: interpolation order must be positive" << endl ;
1416 return correctForBinSize ?
_wgt[idx] /
_binv[idx] :
_wgt[idx];
1444 coutE(InputArguments) <<
"RooDataHist::weight(" <<
GetName() <<
") ERROR: interpolation order must be positive" << endl ;
1451 return correctForBinSize ?
_wgt[idx] /
_binv[idx] :
_wgt[idx];
1498 double xval = realX.
getVal() ;
1499 double yval = realY.getVal() ;
1504 int ybinLo = ybinC-intOrder/2 - ((yval<binningY.
binCenter(ybinC))?1:0) ;
1505 int ybinM = binningY.
numBins() ;
1508 auto offsetIdx = centralIdx - idxMultY * ybinC;
1512 double * xarr = yarr + intOrder + 1;
1513 for (
int i=ybinLo ; i<=intOrder+ybinLo ; i++) {
1515 if (i>=0 && i<ybinM) {
1518 xarr[i-ybinLo] = binningY.
binCenter(ibin) ;
1519 }
else if (i>=ybinM) {
1521 ibin = 2*ybinM-i-1 ;
1528 auto centralIdxX = offsetIdx + idxMultY * ibin;
1533 cout <<
"RooDataHist interpolating data is" << endl ;
1535 for (
int q=0;
q<=intOrder ;
q++) cout << xarr[
q] <<
" " ;
1536 cout <<
" yarr = " ;
1537 for (
int q=0;
q<=intOrder ;
q++) cout << yarr[
q] <<
" " ;
1545 coutE(InputArguments) <<
"RooDataHist::weight(" <<
GetName() <<
") interpolation in "
1546 << varInfo.
nRealVars <<
" dimensions not yet implemented" << endl ;
1547 return weightFast(bin,0,correctForBinSize,cdfBoundaries) ;
1581 throw std::invalid_argument(
"RooDataHist::weightError(" + std::string(
GetName()) +
") error type Auto not allowed here");
1585 throw std::invalid_argument(
"RooDataHist::weightError(" + std::string(
GetName()) +
") error type Expected not allowed here");
1644 auto const& binning =
static_cast<RooRealVar&
>(*
_vars[iDim]).getBinning();
1647 int fbinC = binning.binNumber(xval) ;
1648 int fbinLo = fbinC-intOrder/2 - ((xval<binning.binCenter(fbinC))?1:0) ;
1649 int fbinM = binning.numBins() ;
1652 auto offsetIdx = centralIdx - idxMult * fbinC;
1656 double * xarr = yarr + intOrder + 1;
1658 for (
int i=fbinLo ; i<=intOrder+fbinLo ; i++) {
1660 if (i>=0 && i<fbinM) {
1663 xarr[i-fbinLo] = binning.binCenter(ibin) ;
1664 auto idx = offsetIdx + idxMult * ibin;
1665 yarr[i - fbinLo] =
_wgt[idx];
1666 if (correctForBinSize) yarr[i-fbinLo] /=
_binv[idx] ;
1667 }
else if (i>=fbinM) {
1669 ibin = 2*fbinM-i-1 ;
1670 if (cdfBoundaries) {
1671 xarr[i-fbinLo] = binning.highBound()+1
e-10*(i-fbinM+1) ;
1672 yarr[i-fbinLo] = 1.0 ;
1674 auto idx = offsetIdx + idxMult * ibin;
1675 xarr[i-fbinLo] = 2*binning.highBound()-binning.binCenter(ibin) ;
1676 yarr[i - fbinLo] =
_wgt[idx];
1677 if (correctForBinSize)
1678 yarr[i - fbinLo] /=
_binv[idx];
1683 if (cdfBoundaries) {
1684 xarr[i-fbinLo] = binning.lowBound()-ibin*(1
e-10) ;
1685 yarr[i-fbinLo] = 0.0 ;
1687 auto idx = offsetIdx + idxMult * ibin;
1688 xarr[i-fbinLo] = 2*binning.lowBound()-binning.binCenter(ibin) ;
1689 yarr[i - fbinLo] =
_wgt[idx];
1690 if (correctForBinSize)
1691 yarr[i - fbinLo] /=
_binv[idx];
1712 if ((sumw2 > 0. || wgt != 1.) && !
_sumw2) {
1723 if (
_sumw2)
_sumw2[idx] += (sumw2 > 0 ? sumw2 : wgt*wgt);
1761 if (wgtErr > 0. && !
_sumw2) {
1768 _wgt[binNumber] = wgt ;
1782 if (
_curIndex == std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max()) {
1809 add(dset,&cutVar,wgt) ;
1823 std::unique_ptr<RooArgSet> tmp;
1826 tmp = std::make_unique<RooArgSet>();
1828 coutE(DataHandling) <<
"RooDataHist::add(" <<
GetName() <<
") Couldn't deep-clone cut variable, abort," << endl ;
1832 cloneVar =
static_cast<RooFormulaVar*
>(tmp->find(*cutVar)) ;
1840 if (!cloneVar || cloneVar->
getVal()) {
1869 const double theBinVolume = correctForBinSize ? (inverseBinCor ? 1/
_binv[i] :
_binv[i]) : 1.0 ;
1870 kahanSum +=
_wgt[i] * theBinVolume;
1877 return kahanSum.Sum();
1901 sliceOnlySet.
remove(sumSet,
true,
true) ;
1904 std::vector<double>
const * pbinv =
nullptr;
1906 if(correctForBinSize && inverseBinCor) {
1908 }
else if(correctForBinSize && !inverseBinCor) {
1916 for (
unsigned int i = 0; i <
_vars.
size(); ++i) {
1920 if (sumSet.
find(*arg)) {
1924 refBin[i] = argLv->
getBin();
1932 std::size_t tmpibin = ibin;
1936 for (
unsigned int ivar = 0; !skip && ivar <
_vars.
size(); ++ivar) {
1939 if (
mask[ivar] && idx!=refBin[ivar])
1944 const double theBinVolume = correctForBinSize ? (inverseBinCor ? 1/(*pbinv)[ibin] : (*pbinv)[ibin] ) : 1.0 ;
1971 bool correctForBinSize,
bool inverseBinCor,
1972 const std::map<
const RooAbsArg*, std::pair<double, double> >& ranges,
1973 std::function<
double(
int)> getBinScale)
1981 sliceOnlySet.
remove(sumSet,
true,
true);
1989 std::vector<double> rangeLo(
_vars.
size(), -std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity());
1990 std::vector<double> rangeHi(
_vars.
size(), +std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity());
1992 for (std::size_t i = 0; i <
_vars.
size(); ++i) {
2001 refBin[i] = argLV->
getBin();
2004 auto it = ranges.find(sumsetv ? sumsetv : slicesetv);
2005 if (ranges.end() != it) {
2006 rangeLo[i] = it->second.first;
2007 rangeHi[i] = it->second.second;
2016 for (
int ivar = 0, tmp = ibin; !skip && ivar <
int(
_vars.
size()); ++ivar) {
2019 if (
mask[ivar] && idx!=refBin[ivar]) skip =
true;
2028 double binVolumeSumSetFull = 1.;
2029 double binVolumeSumSetInRange = 1.;
2035 const auto arg =
_vars[ivar];
2036 if (!sumSet.
find(*arg)) {
2041 const double binLo =
_binbounds[ivar][2 * idx];
2042 const double binHi =
_binbounds[ivar][2 * idx + 1];
2043 if (binHi < rangeLo[ivar] || binLo > rangeHi[ivar]) {
2045 binVolumeSumSetInRange = 0.;
2049 binVolumeSumSetFull *= binHi - binLo;
2050 binVolumeSumSetInRange *= std::min(rangeHi[ivar], binHi) - std::max(rangeLo[ivar], binLo);
2052 const double corrPartial = binVolumeSumSetInRange / binVolumeSumSetFull;
2053 if (0. == corrPartial)
continue;
2054 const double corr = correctForBinSize ? (inverseBinCor ? binVolumeSumSetFull /
_binv[ibin] : binVolumeSumSetFull ) : 1.0;
2055 total += getBinScale(ibin)*(
_wgt[ibin] * corr * corrPartial);
2076 for (
auto const&
v :
_vars) {
2077 code += ((dimSet.
find(*
v) ? 1 : 0) << i) ;
2083 if(!pbinv.empty()) {
2090 for (std::size_t i = 0; i < selDim.size(); ++i) {
2091 selDim[i] = (code >> i) & 1 ;
2098 double theBinVolume(1) ;
2099 for (
unsigned int j=0; j <
_lvvars.size(); ++j) {
2109 pbinv[ibin] = theBinVolume ;
2133 if (cutSpec==
nullptr && cutRange==
nullptr) {
2138 std::unique_ptr<RooFormula> select;
2140 select = std::make_unique<RooFormula>(
"select",cutSpec,*
get());
2147 if ((select && select->eval() == 0.) || (cutRange && !
_vars.
allInRange(cutRange)))
2153 return kahanSum.Sum();
2224 coutE(InputArguments) <<
"RooDataHist::sliceIterator() variable " << sliceArg.
GetName() <<
" is not part of this RooDataHist" << endl ;
2271 for (
const auto arg :
_vars) {
2277 os << arg->GetName() ;
2290 const double wgt =
_wgt[i];
2292 if (std::abs(std::modf(wgt, &intpart)) > 1.E-10)
2311 os <<
indent <<
" Observables " <<
_vars << endl ;
2313 os <<
indent <<
" Observables: " ;
2360 TTree* X_tree(
nullptr) ; R__b >> X_tree;
2367 _dstore = std::make_unique<RooTreeDataStore>(X_tree,
_vars);
2438 for (
const auto real :
_vars) {
2440 if(info.nRealVars == 0) info.realVarIdx1 = iVar;
2441 if(info.nRealVars == 1) info.realVarIdx2 = iVar;
2450 for (
unsigned int i=0; i <
_vars.
size(); ++i) {
2459 info.initialized =
true;
static void indent(ostringstream &buf, int indent_level)
static unsigned int total
Option_t Option_t TPoint TPoint const char GetTextMagnitude GetFillStyle GetLineColor GetLineWidth GetMarkerStyle GetTextAlign GetTextColor GetTextSize void char Point_t Rectangle_t WindowAttributes_t Float_t Float_t Float_t Int_t Int_t UInt_t UInt_t Rectangle_t mask
Option_t Option_t TPoint TPoint const char GetTextMagnitude GetFillStyle GetLineColor GetLineWidth GetMarkerStyle GetTextAlign GetTextColor GetTextSize void char Point_t Rectangle_t WindowAttributes_t Float_t Float_t Float_t Int_t Int_t UInt_t UInt_t Rectangle_t Int_t Int_t Window_t TString Int_t GCValues_t GetPrimarySelectionOwner GetDisplay GetScreen GetColormap GetNativeEvent const char const char dpyName wid window const char font_name cursor keysym reg const char only_if_exist regb h Point_t winding char text const char depth char const char Int_t count const char ColorStruct_t color const char Pixmap_t Pixmap_t PictureAttributes_t attr const char char ret_data h unsigned char height h offset
Option_t Option_t TPoint TPoint const char GetTextMagnitude GetFillStyle GetLineColor GetLineWidth GetMarkerStyle GetTextAlign GetTextColor GetTextSize void data
Option_t Option_t TPoint TPoint const char GetTextMagnitude GetFillStyle GetLineColor GetLineWidth GetMarkerStyle GetTextAlign GetTextColor GetTextSize void char Point_t Rectangle_t WindowAttributes_t Float_t Float_t Float_t Int_t Int_t UInt_t UInt_t Rectangle_t Int_t Int_t Window_t TString Int_t GCValues_t GetPrimarySelectionOwner GetDisplay GetScreen GetColormap GetNativeEvent const char const char dpyName wid window const char font_name cursor keysym reg const char only_if_exist regb h Point_t winding char text const char depth char const char Int_t count const char ColorStruct_t color const char Pixmap_t Pixmap_t PictureAttributes_t attr const char char ret_data h unsigned char height h Atom_t Int_t ULong_t ULong_t unsigned char prop_list Atom_t Atom_t Atom_t Time_t UChar_t len
Option_t Option_t TPoint TPoint const char x2
Option_t Option_t TPoint TPoint const char x1
Option_t Option_t TPoint TPoint const char y2
Option_t Option_t TPoint TPoint const char y1
The Kahan summation is a compensated summation algorithm, which significantly reduces numerical error...
static KahanSum< T, N > Accumulate(Iterator begin, Iterator end, T initialValue=T{})
Iterate over a range and return an instance of a KahanSum.
Common abstract base class for objects that represent a value and a "shape" in RooFit.
void attachDataSet(const RooAbsData &set)
Replace server nodes with names matching the dataset variable names with those data set variables,...
Abstract base class for RooRealVar binning definitions.
int binNumber(double x) const
Returns the bin number corresponding to the value x.
virtual void binNumbers(double const *x, int *bins, std::size_t n, int coef=1) const =0
Compute the bin indices for multiple values of x.
virtual double binCenter(Int_t bin) const =0
Int_t numBins() const
Return number of bins.
virtual bool isUniform() const
virtual double highBound() const =0
virtual double lowBound() const =0
virtual RooAbsBinning * clone(const char *name=nullptr) const =0
Abstract base class for objects that represent a discrete value that can be set from the outside,...
Int_t numBins(const char *rangeName=nullptr) const override
Return the number of fit bins ( = number of types )
void setBin(Int_t ibin, const char *rangeName=nullptr) override
Set category to i-th fit bin, which is the i-th registered state.
Int_t getBin(const char *=nullptr) const override
Get the index of the plot bin for the current value of this category.
bool hasLabel(const std::string &label) const
Check if a state with name label exists.
virtual const char * getCurrentLabel() const
Return label string of current state.
Abstract container object that can hold multiple RooAbsArg objects.
virtual bool remove(const RooAbsArg &var, bool silent=false, bool matchByNameOnly=false)
Remove the specified argument from our list.
RooAbsCollection & assignValueOnly(const RooAbsCollection &other, bool forceIfSizeOne=false)
Sets the value of any argument in our set that also appears in the other set.
bool allInRange(const char *rangeSpec) const
Return true if all contained object report to have their value inside the specified range.
virtual bool add(const RooAbsArg &var, bool silent=false)
Add the specified argument to list.
void assign(const RooAbsCollection &other) const
Sets the value, cache and constant attribute of any argument in our set that also appears in the othe...
Storage_t::size_type size() const
virtual RooAbsArg * addClone(const RooAbsArg &var, bool silent=false)
Add a clone of the specified argument to list.
bool selectCommon(const RooAbsCollection &refColl, RooAbsCollection &outColl) const
Create a subset of the current collection, consisting only of those elements that are contained as we...
RooAbsArg * find(const char *name) const
Find object with given name in list.
Abstract base class for binned and unbinned datasets.
virtual double weight() const =0
virtual const RooArgSet * get() const
void printMultiline(std::ostream &os, Int_t contents, bool verbose=false, TString indent="") const override
Interface for detailed printing of object.
void SetName(const char *name) override
Set the name of the TNamed.
void setGlobalObservables(RooArgSet const &globalObservables)
Sets the global observables stored in this data.
virtual RooPlot * plotOn(RooPlot *frame, const RooCmdArg &arg1={}, const RooCmdArg &arg2={}, const RooCmdArg &arg3={}, const RooCmdArg &arg4={}, const RooCmdArg &arg5={}, const RooCmdArg &arg6={}, const RooCmdArg &arg7={}, const RooCmdArg &arg8={}) const
static StorageType defaultStorageType
std::unique_ptr< RooAbsDataStore > _dstore
Data storage implementation.
RooArgSet _vars
Dimensions of this data set.
RooArgSet _cachedVars
! External variables cached with this data set
virtual Int_t numEntries() const
Return number of entries in dataset, i.e., count unweighted entries.
virtual double weightSquared() const =0
void Streamer(TBuffer &) override
Stream an object of class RooAbsData.
Abstract base class for objects that are lvalues, i.e.
virtual Int_t getBin(const char *rangeName=nullptr) const =0
virtual double getBinWidth(Int_t i, const char *rangeName=nullptr) const =0
Abstract base class for objects that represent a real value that may appear on the left hand side of ...
virtual Int_t getBins(const char *name=nullptr) const
Get number of bins of currently defined range.
virtual double getMax(const char *name=nullptr) const
Get maximum of currently defined range.
void setBin(Int_t ibin, const char *rangeName=nullptr) override
Set value to center of bin 'ibin' of binning 'rangeName' (or of default binning if no range is specif...
virtual double getMin(const char *name=nullptr) const
Get minimum of currently defined range.
Abstract base class for objects that represent a real value and implements functionality common to al...
double getVal(const RooArgSet *normalisationSet=nullptr) const
Evaluate object.
RooArgList is a container object that can hold multiple RooAbsArg objects.
RooAbsArg * at(Int_t idx) const
Return object at given index, or nullptr if index is out of range.
RooArgSet is a container object that can hold multiple RooAbsArg objects.
RooArgSet * snapshot(bool deepCopy=true) const
Use RooAbsCollection::snapshot(), but return as RooArgSet.
void Streamer(TBuffer &) override
Stream an object of class TObject.
Object to represent discrete states.
bool defineType(const std::string &label)
Define a state with given name.
Named container for two doubles, two integers two object points and three string pointers that can be...
Configurable parser for RooCmdArg named arguments.
void defineMutex(const char *head, Args_t &&... tail)
Define arguments where any pair is mutually exclusive.
bool process(const RooCmdArg &arg)
Process given RooCmdArg.
double getDouble(const char *name, double defaultValue=0.0) const
Return double property registered with name 'name'.
void defineDependency(const char *refArgName, const char *neededArgName)
Define that processing argument name refArgName requires processing of argument named neededArgName t...
bool defineDouble(const char *name, const char *argName, int doubleNum, double defValue=0.0)
Define double property name 'name' mapped to double in slot 'doubleNum' in RooCmdArg with name argNam...
RooArgSet * getSet(const char *name, RooArgSet *set=nullptr) const
Return RooArgSet property registered with name 'name'.
bool defineSet(const char *name, const char *argName, int setNum, const RooArgSet *set=nullptr)
Define TObject property name 'name' mapped to object in slot 'setNum' in RooCmdArg with name argName ...
bool ok(bool verbose) const
Return true of parsing was successful.
bool defineObject(const char *name, const char *argName, int setNum, const TObject *obj=nullptr, bool isArray=false)
Define TObject property name 'name' mapped to object in slot 'setNum' in RooCmdArg with name argName ...
const char * getString(const char *name, const char *defaultValue="", bool convEmptyToNull=false) const
Return string property registered with name 'name'.
bool defineString(const char *name, const char *argName, int stringNum, const char *defValue="", bool appendMode=false)
Define double property name 'name' mapped to double in slot 'stringNum' in RooCmdArg with name argNam...
const RooLinkedList & getObjectList(const char *name) const
Return list of objects registered with name 'name'.
bool defineInt(const char *name, const char *argName, int intNum, int defValue=0)
Define integer property name 'name' mapped to integer in slot 'intNum' in RooCmdArg with name argName...
int getInt(const char *name, int defaultValue=0) const
Return integer property registered with name 'name'.
TObject * getObject(const char *name, TObject *obj=nullptr) const
Return TObject property registered with name 'name'.
Container class to hold N-dimensional binned data.
std::span< const double > getWeightBatch(std::size_t first, std::size_t len, bool sumW2=false) const override
Return event weights of all events in range [first, first+len).
void interpolateQuadratic(double *output, std::span< const double > xVals, bool correctForBinSize, bool cdfBoundaries)
A vectorized version of interpolateDim for boundary safe quadratic interpolation of one dimensional h...
double sum(bool correctForBinSize, bool inverseCorr=false) const
Return the sum of the weights of all bins in the histogram.
void weights(double *output, std::span< double const > xVals, int intOrder, bool correctForBinSize, bool cdfBoundaries)
A vectorized version of RooDataHist::weight() for one dimensional histograms with up to one dimension...
Int_t _cache_sum_valid
! Is cache sum valid? Needs to be Int_t instead of CacheSumState_t for subclasses.
double interpolateDim(int iDim, double xval, size_t centralIdx, int intOrder, bool correctForBinSize, bool cdfBoundaries)
Perform boundary safe 'intOrder'-th interpolation of weights in dimension 'dim' at current value 'xva...
double weightSquared() const override
Return squared weight of last bin that was requested with get().
friend class RooDataHistSliceIter
void importTH1(const RooArgList &vars, const TH1 &histo, double initWgt, bool doDensityCorrection)
Import data from given TH1/2/3 into this RooDataHist.
void printDataHistogram(std::ostream &os, RooRealVar *obs) const
TClass * IsA() const override
void SetNameTitle(const char *name, const char *title) override
Change the title of this RooDataHist.
double _cache_sum
! Cache for sum of entries ;
void initialize(const char *binningName=nullptr, bool fillTree=true)
Initialization procedure: allocate weights array, calculate multipliers needed for N-space to 1-dim a...
std::string calculateTreeIndexForCodeSquash(RooAbsArg const *klass, RooFit::Detail::CodeSquashContext &ctx, const RooAbsCollection &coords, bool reverse=false) const
Int_t getIndex(const RooAbsCollection &coord, bool fast=false) const
Calculate bin number of the given coordinates.
void add(const RooArgSet &row, double wgt=1.0) override
Add wgt to the bin content enclosed by the coordinates passed in row.
const std::vector< double > & calculatePartialBinVolume(const RooArgSet &dimSet) const
Fill the transient cache with partial bin volumes with up-to-date values for the partial volume speci...
static std::unique_ptr< RooAbsDataStore > makeDefaultDataStore(RooStringView name, RooStringView title, RooArgSet const &vars)
double weightInterpolated(const RooArgSet &bin, int intOrder, bool correctForBinSize, bool cdfBoundaries)
Return the weight at given coordinates with interpolation.
std::unordered_map< int, std::vector< double > > _pbinvCache
! Cache for arrays of partial bin volumes
void checkBinBounds() const
void initializeAsymErrArrays() const
double weight(std::size_t i) const
Return weight of i-th bin.
void set(std::size_t binNumber, double weight, double wgtErr)
Set bin content of bin that was last loaded with get(std::size_t).
void weightError(double &lo, double &hi, ErrorType etype=Poisson) const override
Return the asymmetric errors on the current weight.
double * _errHi
[_arrSize] High-side error on weight array
void importTH1Set(const RooArgList &vars, RooCategory &indexCat, std::map< std::string, TH1 * > hmap, double initWgt, bool doDensityCorrection)
Import data from given set of TH1/2/3 into this RooDataHist.
void adjustBinning(const RooArgList &vars, const TH1 &href, Int_t *offset=nullptr)
Adjust binning specification on first and optionally second and third observable to binning in given ...
double * _binv
[_arrSize] Bin volume array
RooDataHist()
Default constructor.
ULong64_t _curIndex
Current index.
double weightFast(const RooArgSet &bin, int intOrder, bool correctForBinSize, bool cdfBoundaries)
A faster version of RooDataHist::weight that assumes the passed arguments are aligned with the histog...
RooPlot * plotOn(RooPlot *frame, PlotOpt o) const override
Back end function to plotting functionality.
double weight() const override
Return weight of last bin that was requested with get().
std::vector< std::vector< double > > _binbounds
! list of bin bounds per dimension
void printArgs(std::ostream &os) const override
Print argument of dataset, i.e. the observable names.
void importDHistSet(const RooArgList &vars, RooCategory &indexCat, std::map< std::string, RooDataHist * > dmap, double initWgt)
Import data from given set of TH1/2/3 into this RooDataHist.
void _adjustBinning(RooRealVar &theirVar, const TAxis &axis, RooRealVar *ourVar, Int_t *offset)
Helper doing the actual work of adjustBinning().
void printMultiline(std::ostream &os, Int_t content, bool verbose=false, TString indent="") const override
Print the details on the dataset contents.
double * _sumw2
[_arrSize] Sum of weights^2
TIterator * sliceIterator(RooAbsArg &sliceArg, const RooArgSet &otherArgs)
Create an iterator over all bins in a slice defined by the subset of observables listed in sliceArg.
Int_t calcTreeIndex() const
Legacy overload to calculate the tree index from the current value of _vars.
~RooDataHist() override
Destructor.
bool isNonPoissonWeighted() const override
Returns true if dataset contains entries with a non-integer weight.
std::string declWeightArrayForCodeSquash(RooAbsArg const *klass, RooFit::Detail::CodeSquashContext &ctx, bool correctForBinSize) const
std::vector< RooAbsLValue * > _lvvars
! List of observables casted as RooAbsLValue
void SetName(const char *name) override
Change the name of the RooDataHist.
std::vector< std::unique_ptr< const RooAbsBinning > > _lvbins
! List of used binnings associated with lvalues
void Streamer(TBuffer &) override
Stream an object of class RooDataHist.
std::vector< double > _interpolationBuffer
! Buffer to contain values used for weight interpolation
std::vector< Int_t > _idxMult
void registerWeightArraysToDataStore() const
Hand over pointers to our weight arrays to the data store implementation.
void reset() override
Reset all bin weights to zero.
double * _errLo
[_arrSize] Low-side error on weight array
double * _wgt
[_arrSize] Weight array
void printValue(std::ostream &os) const override
Print value of the dataset, i.e. the sum of weights contained in the dataset.
VarInfo const & getVarInfo()
Return reference to VarInfo struct with cached histogram variable information that is frequently used...
std::unique_ptr< RooAbsData > reduceEng(const RooArgSet &varSubset, const RooFormulaVar *cutVar, const char *cutRange=nullptr, std::size_t nStart=0, std::size_t nStop=std::numeric_limits< std::size_t >::max()) override
Implementation of RooAbsData virtual method that drives the RooAbsData::reduce() methods.
const RooArgSet * get() const override
Get bin centre of current bin.
void interpolateLinear(double *output, std::span< const double > xVals, bool correctForBinSize, bool cdfBoundaries)
A vectorized version of interpolateDim for boundary safe linear interpolation of one dimensional hist...
double binVolume() const
Return volume of current bin.
double sumEntries() const override
Sum the weights of all bins.
Utility base class for RooFit objects that are to be attached to ROOT directories.
virtual void Streamer(TBuffer &)
void removeFromDir(TObject *obj)
Remove object from directory it was added to.
TDirectory * _dir
! Associated directory
void appendToDir(TObject *obj, bool forceMemoryResident=false)
Append object to directory.
A class to maintain the context for squashing of RooFit models into code.
std::string buildCall(std::string const &funcname, Args_t const &...args)
Build the code to call the function with name funcname, passing some arguments.
void addToCodeBody(RooAbsArg const *klass, std::string const &in)
Adds the input string to the squashed code body.
std::string getTmpVarName() const
Get a unique variable name to be used in the generated code.
static const RooHistError & instance()
Return a reference to a singleton object that is created the first time this method is called.
bool getPoissonInterval(Int_t n, double &mu1, double &mu2, double nSigma=1) const
Return a confidence interval for the expected number of events given n observed (unweighted) events.
Collection class for internal use, storing a collection of RooAbsArg pointers in a doubly linked list...
RooLinkedListIterImpl begin() const
static double interpolate(double yArr[], Int_t nOrder, double x)
Plot frame and a container for graphics objects within that frame.
RooAbsRealLValue * getPlotVar() const
virtual void printStream(std::ostream &os, Int_t contents, StyleOption style, TString indent="") const
Print description of object on ostream, printing contents set by contents integer,...
Variable that can be changed from the outside.
const RooAbsBinning & getBinning(const char *name=nullptr, bool verbose=true, bool createOnTheFly=false) const override
Return binning definition with name.
void setBinning(const RooAbsBinning &binning, const char *name=nullptr)
Add given binning under name 'name' with this variable.
void setRange(const char *name, double min, double max)
Set a fit or plotting range.
The RooStringView is a wrapper around a C-style string that can also be constructed from a std::strin...
const Double_t * GetArray() const
Class to manage histogram axis.
const TArrayD * GetXbins() const
virtual Int_t FindFixBin(Double_t x) const
Find bin number corresponding to abscissa x.
Buffer base class used for serializing objects.
virtual Version_t ReadVersion(UInt_t *start=nullptr, UInt_t *bcnt=nullptr, const TClass *cl=nullptr)=0
virtual Int_t CheckByteCount(UInt_t startpos, UInt_t bcnt, const TClass *clss)=0
virtual void ReadFastArray(Bool_t *b, Int_t n)=0
virtual Int_t ReadClassBuffer(const TClass *cl, void *pointer, const TClass *onfile_class=nullptr)=0
virtual Int_t WriteClassBuffer(const TClass *cl, void *pointer)=0
static TClass * GetClass(const char *name, Bool_t load=kTRUE, Bool_t silent=kFALSE)
Static method returning pointer to TClass of the specified class name.
virtual TList * GetList() const
TH1 is the base class of all histogram classes in ROOT.
virtual Int_t GetNbinsY() const
virtual Double_t GetBinError(Int_t bin) const
Return value of error associated to bin number bin.
virtual Int_t GetNbinsZ() const
virtual Int_t GetDimension() const
virtual Int_t GetNbinsX() const
virtual Double_t GetBinContent(Int_t bin) const
Return content of bin number bin.
Iterator abstract base class.
void Add(TObject *obj) override
TObject * Remove(TObject *obj) override
Remove object from the list.
virtual void SetTitle(const char *title="")
Set the title of the TNamed.
const char * GetName() const override
Returns name of object.
const char * GetTitle() const override
Returns title of object.
Mother of all ROOT objects.
virtual const char * ClassName() const
Returns name of class to which the object belongs.
virtual void Streamer(TBuffer &)
Stream a string object.
A TTree represents a columnar dataset.
std::vector< std::string > Split(std::string_view str, std::string_view delims, bool skipEmpty=false)
Splits a string at each character in delims.
std::string makeValidVarName(std::string const &in)
LongDouble_t Power(LongDouble_t x, LongDouble_t y)
Returns x raised to the power y.
Structure to cache information on the histogram variable that is frequently used for histogram weight...