RooVectorDataStore.cxx

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/*****************************************************************************
 * Project: RooFit                                                           *
 * Package: RooFitCore                                                       *
 * @(#)root/roofitcore:$Id$
 * Authors:                                                                  *
 *   WV, Wouter Verkerke, UC Santa Barbara, verkerke@slac.stanford.edu       *
 *   DK, David Kirkby,    UC Irvine,         dkirkby@uci.edu                 *
 *                                                                           *
 * Copyright (c) 2000-2005, Regents of the University of California          *
 *                          and Stanford University. All rights reserved.    *
 *                                                                           *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms,                        *
 * with or without modification, are permitted according to the terms        *
 * listed in LICENSE (http://roofit.sourceforge.net/license.txt)             *
 *****************************************************************************/
 
/**
\file RooVectorDataStore.cxx
\class RooVectorDataStore
\ingroup Roofitcore
 
RooVectorDataStore uses std::vectors to store data columns. Each of these vectors
is associated to an instance of a RooAbsReal, whose values it represents. Those
RooAbsReal are the observables of the dataset.
In addition to the observables, a data column can be bound to a different instance
of a RooAbsReal (e.g., the column "x" can be bound to the observable "x" of a computation
graph using attachBuffers()). In this case, a get() operation writes the value of
the requested column into the bound real.
 
As a faster alternative to loading values one-by-one, one can use the function getBatches(),
which returns spans pointing directly to the data.
**/
 
#include "RooVectorDataStore.h"
 
#include "RooFit.h"
#include "RooMsgService.h"
#include "RooTreeDataStore.h"
#include "RooFormulaVar.h"
#include "RooRealVar.h"
#include "RooCategory.h"
#include "RooNameSet.h"
#include "RooHistError.h"
#include "RooTrace.h"
#include "RooHelpers.h"
#include "RunContext.h"
 
#include "TList.h"
#include "TBuffer.h"
 
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
 
ClassImp(RooVectorDataStore);
ClassImp(RooVectorDataStore::RealVector);
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
RooVectorDataStore::RooVectorDataStore() :
  _wgtVar(0),
  _sumWeight(0),
  _sumWeightCarry(0),
  _extWgtArray(0),
  _extWgtErrLoArray(0),
  _extWgtErrHiArray(0),
  _extSumW2Array(0),
  _cache(0),
  _cacheOwner(0),
  _forcedUpdate(kFALSE)
{
  TRACE_CREATE
}
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
RooVectorDataStore::RooVectorDataStore(const char* name, const char* title, const RooArgSet& vars, const char* wgtVarName) :
  RooAbsDataStore(name,title,varsNoWeight(vars,wgtVarName)),
  _varsww(vars),
  _wgtVar(weightVar(vars,wgtVarName)),
  _sumWeight(0),
  _sumWeightCarry(0),
  _extWgtArray(0),
  _extWgtErrLoArray(0),
  _extWgtErrHiArray(0),
  _extSumW2Array(0),
  _cache(0),
  _cacheOwner(0),
  _forcedUpdate(kFALSE)
{
  for (auto arg : _varsww) {
    arg->attachToVStore(*this) ;
  }
  
  setAllBuffersNative() ;
  TRACE_CREATE
}
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
void RooVectorDataStore::setAllBuffersNative()
{
  for (auto realVec : _realStoreList) {
    realVec->setNativeBuffer();
  }
 
  for (auto fullVec : _realfStoreList) {
    fullVec->setNativeBuffer();
  }
 
  for (auto catVec : _catStoreList) {
    catVec->setNativeBuffer();
  }
}
 
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Utility function for constructors
/// Return RooArgSet that is copy of allVars minus variable matching wgtName if specified
 
RooArgSet RooVectorDataStore::varsNoWeight(const RooArgSet& allVars, const char* wgtName) 
{
  RooArgSet ret(allVars) ;
  if(wgtName) {
    RooAbsArg* wgt = allVars.find(wgtName) ;
    if (wgt) {
      ret.remove(*wgt,kTRUE,kTRUE) ;
    }
  }
  return ret ;
}
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Utility function for constructors
/// Return pointer to weight variable if it is defined
 
RooRealVar* RooVectorDataStore::weightVar(const RooArgSet& allVars, const char* wgtName) 
{
  if(wgtName) {
    RooRealVar* wgt = dynamic_cast<RooRealVar*>(allVars.find(wgtName)) ;
    return wgt ;
  } 
  return 0 ;
}
 
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Regular copy ctor
 
RooVectorDataStore::RooVectorDataStore(const RooVectorDataStore& other, const char* newname) :
  RooAbsDataStore(other,newname), 
  _varsww(other._varsww),
  _wgtVar(other._wgtVar),
  _sumWeight(other._sumWeight),
  _sumWeightCarry(other._sumWeightCarry),
  _extWgtArray(other._extWgtArray),
  _extWgtErrLoArray(other._extWgtErrLoArray),
  _extWgtErrHiArray(other._extWgtErrHiArray),
  _extSumW2Array(other._extSumW2Array),
  _currentWeightIndex(other._currentWeightIndex),
  _cache(0),
  _cacheOwner(0),
  _forcedUpdate(kFALSE)
{
  for (const auto realVec : other._realStoreList) {
    _realStoreList.push_back(new RealVector(*realVec, (RooAbsReal*)_varsww.find(realVec->_nativeReal->GetName()))) ;
  }
 
  for (const auto realFullVec : other._realfStoreList) {
    _realfStoreList.push_back(new RealFullVector(*realFullVec, (RooAbsReal*)_varsww.find(realFullVec->_nativeReal->GetName()))) ;
  }
 
  for (const auto catVec : other._catStoreList) {
    _catStoreList.push_back(new CatVector(*catVec, (RooAbsCategory*)_varsww.find(catVec->_cat->GetName()))) ;
 }
 
  setAllBuffersNative() ;
  
  TRACE_CREATE
}
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
RooVectorDataStore::RooVectorDataStore(const RooTreeDataStore& other, const RooArgSet& vars, const char* newname) :
  RooAbsDataStore(other,varsNoWeight(vars,other._wgtVar?other._wgtVar->GetName():0),newname),
  _varsww(vars),
  _wgtVar(weightVar(vars,other._wgtVar?other._wgtVar->GetName():0)),
  _sumWeight(0),
  _sumWeightCarry(0),
  _extWgtArray(0),
  _extWgtErrLoArray(0),
  _extWgtErrHiArray(0),
  _extSumW2Array(0),
  _currentWeightIndex(0),
  _cache(0),
  _cacheOwner(0),
  _forcedUpdate(kFALSE)
{
  for (const auto arg : _varsww) {
    arg->attachToVStore(*this) ;
  }
 
  setAllBuffersNative() ;
  
  // now copy contents of tree storage here
  reserve(other.numEntries());
  for (Int_t i=0 ; i<other.numEntries() ; i++) {
    other.get(i) ;
    _varsww = other._varsww ;
    fill() ;
  }
  TRACE_CREATE
  
}
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Clone ctor, must connect internal storage to given new external set of vars
 
RooVectorDataStore::RooVectorDataStore(const RooVectorDataStore& other, const RooArgSet& vars, const char* newname) :
  RooAbsDataStore(other,varsNoWeight(vars,other._wgtVar?other._wgtVar->GetName():0),newname),
  _varsww(vars),
  _wgtVar(other._wgtVar?weightVar(vars,other._wgtVar->GetName()):0),
  _sumWeight(other._sumWeight),
  _sumWeightCarry(other._sumWeightCarry),
  _extWgtArray(other._extWgtArray),
  _extWgtErrLoArray(other._extWgtErrLoArray),
  _extWgtErrHiArray(other._extWgtErrHiArray),
  _extSumW2Array(other._extSumW2Array),
  _currentWeightIndex(other._currentWeightIndex),
  _cache(0),
  _forcedUpdate(kFALSE)
{
  for (const auto realVec : other._realStoreList) {
    auto real = static_cast<RooAbsReal*>(vars.find(realVec->bufArg()->GetName()));
    if (real) {
      // Clone vector
      _realStoreList.push_back(new RealVector(*realVec, real)) ;
      // Adjust buffer pointer
      real->attachToVStore(*this) ;
    }
  }
  
  vector<RealFullVector*>::const_iterator fiter = other._realfStoreList.begin() ;
  for (; fiter!=other._realfStoreList.end() ; ++fiter) {
    RooAbsReal* real = (RooAbsReal*) vars.find((*fiter)->bufArg()->GetName()) ;
    if (real) {
      // Clone vector
      _realfStoreList.push_back(new RealFullVector(**fiter,real)) ;
      // Adjust buffer pointer
      real->attachToVStore(*this) ;
    }
  }
 
  vector<CatVector*>::const_iterator citer = other._catStoreList.begin() ;
  for (; citer!=other._catStoreList.end() ; ++citer) {
    RooAbsCategory* cat = (RooAbsCategory*) vars.find((*citer)->bufArg()->GetName()) ;
    if (cat) {
      // Clone vector
      _catStoreList.push_back(new CatVector(**citer,cat)) ;
      // Adjust buffer pointer
      cat->attachToVStore(*this) ;
    }
  }
 
  setAllBuffersNative() ;
 
  TRACE_CREATE
 
}
 
 
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
RooVectorDataStore::RooVectorDataStore(const char *name, const char *title, RooAbsDataStore& tds, 
          const RooArgSet& vars, const RooFormulaVar* cutVar, const char* cutRange,
          std::size_t nStart, std::size_t nStop, Bool_t /*copyCache*/, const char* wgtVarName) :
 
  RooAbsDataStore(name,title,varsNoWeight(vars,wgtVarName)),
  _varsww(vars),
  _wgtVar(weightVar(vars,wgtVarName)),
  _sumWeight(0),
  _sumWeightCarry(0),
  _extWgtArray(0),
  _extWgtErrLoArray(0),
  _extWgtErrHiArray(0),
  _extSumW2Array(0),
  _cache(0),
  _forcedUpdate(kFALSE)
{
  for (const auto arg : _varsww) {
    arg->attachToVStore(*this) ;
  }
 
  setAllBuffersNative() ;
 
  // Deep clone cutVar and attach clone to this dataset
  RooFormulaVar* cloneVar = 0;
  if (cutVar) {    
    cloneVar = (RooFormulaVar*) cutVar->cloneTree() ;
    cloneVar->attachDataStore(tds) ;
  }
 
  RooVectorDataStore* vds = dynamic_cast<RooVectorDataStore*>(&tds) ;
  if (vds && vds->_cache) {    
    _cache = new RooVectorDataStore(*vds->_cache) ;
  }
  
  loadValues(&tds,cloneVar,cutRange,nStart,nStop);
 
  delete cloneVar ;
  TRACE_CREATE
}
 
 
 
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Destructor
 
RooVectorDataStore::~RooVectorDataStore()
{
  for (auto elm : _realStoreList) {
    delete elm;
  }
 
  for (auto elm : _realfStoreList) {
    delete elm;
  }
 
  for (auto elm : _catStoreList) {
    delete elm;
  }
 
  delete _cache ;
  TRACE_DESTROY
}
 
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Return true if currently loaded coordinate is considered valid within
/// the current range definitions of all observables
 
Bool_t RooVectorDataStore::valid() const 
{
  return kTRUE ;
}
 
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Interface function to TTree::Fill
 
Int_t RooVectorDataStore::fill()
{
  for (auto realVec : _realStoreList) {
    realVec->fill() ;
  }
 
  for (auto fullVec : _realfStoreList) {
    fullVec->fill() ;
  }
 
  for (auto catVec : _catStoreList) {
    catVec->fill() ;
  }
  // use Kahan's algorithm to sum up weights to avoid loss of precision
  Double_t y = (_wgtVar ? _wgtVar->getVal() : 1.) - _sumWeightCarry;
  Double_t t = _sumWeight + y;
  _sumWeightCarry = (t - _sumWeight) - y;
  _sumWeight = t;
 
  return 0 ;
}
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Load the n-th data point (n='index') into the variables of this dataset,
/// and return a pointer to the RooArgSet that holds them.
const RooArgSet* RooVectorDataStore::get(Int_t index) const 
{
  if (index < 0 || static_cast<std::size_t>(index) >= size()) return 0;
    
  for (const auto realV : _realStoreList) {
    realV->load(index);
  }
 
  for (const auto fullRealP : _realfStoreList) {
    fullRealP->get(index);
  }
 
  for (const auto catP : _catStoreList) {
    catP->load(index);
  }
 
  if (_doDirtyProp) {
    // Raise all dirty flags 
    for (auto var : _vars) {
      var->setValueDirty(); // This triggers recalculation of all clients
    }     
  }
  
  // Update current weight cache
  _currentWeightIndex = index;
 
  if (_cache) {
    _cache->get(index) ;
  }
 
  return &_vars;
}
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Load the n-th data point (n='index') into the variables of this dataset,
/// and return a pointer to the RooArgSet that holds them.
const RooArgSet* RooVectorDataStore::getNative(Int_t index) const 
{
  if (index < 0 || static_cast<std::size_t>(index) >= size()) return 0;
    
  for (const auto realV : _realStoreList) {
    realV->loadToNative(index) ;
  }
 
  for (const auto fullRealP : _realfStoreList) {
    fullRealP->loadToNative(index);
  }
 
  for (const auto catP : _catStoreList) {
    catP->loadToNative(index);
  }
 
  if (_doDirtyProp) {
    // Raise all dirty flags 
    for (auto var : _vars) {
      var->setValueDirty() ; // This triggers recalculation of all clients
    }     
  }
  
  // Update current weight cache
  _currentWeightIndex = index;
 
  if (_cache) {
    _cache->getNative(index) ;
  }
 
  return &_vars;
}
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Load data point at `index`, and return its weight.
Double_t RooVectorDataStore::weight(Int_t index) const 
{
  get(index) ;
  return weight() ;
}
 
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Return the error of the current weight.
/// @param[in] etype Switch between simple Poisson or sum-of-weights statistics
 
Double_t RooVectorDataStore::weightError(RooAbsData::ErrorType etype) const 
{
  if (_extWgtArray) {
 
    // We have a weight array, use that info
 
    // Return symmetric error on current bin calculated either from Poisson statistics or from SumOfWeights
    Double_t lo = 0, hi = 0 ;
    weightError(lo,hi,etype) ;
    return (lo+hi)/2 ;
 
   } else if (_wgtVar) {
 
    // We have a a weight variable, use that info
    if (_wgtVar->hasAsymError()) {
      return ( _wgtVar->getAsymErrorHi() - _wgtVar->getAsymErrorLo() ) / 2 ;
    } else if (_wgtVar->hasError(kFALSE)) {
      return _wgtVar->getError();
    } else {
      return 0 ;
    }
 
  } else {
 
    // We have no weights
    return 0 ;
 
  }
}
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
void RooVectorDataStore::weightError(Double_t& lo, Double_t& hi, RooAbsData::ErrorType etype) const
{
  if (_extWgtArray) {
    double wgt;
 
    // We have a weight array, use that info
    switch (etype) {
      
    case RooAbsData::Auto:
      throw string(Form("RooDataHist::weightError(%s) error type Auto not allowed here",GetName())) ;
      break ;
      
    case RooAbsData::Expected:
      throw string(Form("RooDataHist::weightError(%s) error type Expected not allowed here",GetName())) ;
      break ;
      
    case RooAbsData::Poisson:
      // Weight may be preset or precalculated    
      if (_extWgtErrLoArray && _extWgtErrLoArray[_currentWeightIndex] >= 0) {
        lo = _extWgtErrLoArray[_currentWeightIndex];
        hi = _extWgtErrHiArray[_currentWeightIndex];
        return ;
      }
      
      // Otherwise Calculate poisson errors
      wgt = weight();
      Double_t ym,yp ;  
      RooHistError::instance().getPoissonInterval(Int_t(wgt+0.5),ym,yp,1);
      lo = wgt-ym;
      hi = yp-wgt;
      return ;
      
    case RooAbsData::SumW2:
      lo = sqrt( _extSumW2Array ? _extSumW2Array[_currentWeightIndex] : _extWgtArray[_currentWeightIndex] );
      hi = lo;
      return ;
      
    case RooAbsData::None:
      lo = 0 ;
      hi = 0 ;
      return ;
    }    
    
  } else if (_wgtVar) {
 
    // We have a a weight variable, use that info
    if (_wgtVar->hasAsymError()) {
      hi = _wgtVar->getAsymErrorHi() ;
      lo = _wgtVar->getAsymErrorLo() ;
    } else {
      hi = _wgtVar->getError() ;
      lo = _wgtVar->getError() ;
    }  
 
  } else {
 
    // We are unweighted
    lo=0 ;
    hi=0 ;
 
  }
}
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///
 
void RooVectorDataStore::loadValues(const RooAbsDataStore *ads, const RooFormulaVar* select, const char* rangeName, std::size_t nStart, std::size_t nStop)
{
  // Load values from dataset 't' into this data collection, optionally
  // selecting events using 'select' RooFormulaVar
  //
 
  // Redirect formula servers to source data row
  std::unique_ptr<RooFormulaVar> selectClone;
  if (select) {
    selectClone.reset( static_cast<RooFormulaVar*>(select->cloneTree()) );
    selectClone->recursiveRedirectServers(*ads->get()) ;
    selectClone->setOperMode(RooAbsArg::ADirty,kTRUE) ;
  }
 
  // Force DS internal initialization
  ads->get(0) ;
 
  // Loop over events in source tree   
  const auto numEntr = static_cast<std::size_t>(ads->numEntries());
  const std::size_t nevent = nStop < numEntr ? nStop : numEntr;
 
  auto TDS = dynamic_cast<const RooTreeDataStore*>(ads);
  auto VDS = dynamic_cast<const RooVectorDataStore*>(ads);
 
  // Check if weight is being renamed - if so set flag to enable special handling in copy loop
  Bool_t weightRename(kFALSE) ;
  Bool_t newWeightVar = _wgtVar ? _wgtVar->getAttribute("NewWeight") : kFALSE ;
 
  if (_wgtVar && VDS && ((RooVectorDataStore*)(ads))->_wgtVar) {
    if (string(_wgtVar->GetName())!=((RooVectorDataStore*)(ads))->_wgtVar->GetName() && !newWeightVar) {
      weightRename=kTRUE ;
    }
  }
  if (_wgtVar && TDS && ((RooTreeDataStore*)(ads))->_wgtVar) {
    if (string(_wgtVar->GetName())!=((RooTreeDataStore*)(ads))->_wgtVar->GetName() && !newWeightVar) {
      weightRename=kTRUE ;
    }
  }
 
  std::vector<std::string> ranges;
  if (rangeName) {
   ranges = RooHelpers::tokenise(rangeName, ",");
  }
 
  reserve(numEntries() + (nevent - nStart));
  for(auto i=nStart; i < nevent ; ++i) {
    ads->get(i);
 
    // Does this event pass the cuts?
    if (selectClone && selectClone->getVal()==0) {
      continue ; 
    }
 
    if (TDS) {
      _varsww.assignValueOnly(TDS->_varsww) ;
      if (weightRename) {
        _wgtVar->setVal(TDS->_wgtVar->getVal()) ;
      }
    } else if (VDS) {
      _varsww.assignValueOnly(VDS->_varsww) ;
      if (weightRename) {
        _wgtVar->setVal(VDS->_wgtVar->getVal()) ;
      }
    } else {
      _varsww.assignValueOnly(*ads->get()) ;
    }
 
    // Check that all copied values are valid and in range
    bool allValid = true;
    for (const auto arg : _varsww) {
      allValid &= arg->isValid();
      if (allValid && !ranges.empty()) {
        // If we have one or multiple ranges to be selected, the value
        // must be in one of them to be valid
        allValid &= std::any_of(ranges.begin(), ranges.end(), [arg](const std::string& range){
          return arg->inRange(range.c_str());});
      }
      if (!allValid)
        break ;
    }
 
    if (!allValid) {
      continue ;
    }
 
    fill() ;
  }
 
  SetTitle(ads->GetTitle());
}
 
 
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
Bool_t RooVectorDataStore::changeObservableName(const char* /*from*/, const char* /*to*/) 
{
  return kFALSE ;
}
 
  
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Add a new column to the data set which holds the pre-calculated values
/// of 'newVar'. This operation is only meaningful if 'newVar' is a derived
/// value.
///
/// The return value points to the added element holding 'newVar's value
/// in the data collection. The element is always the corresponding fundamental
/// type of 'newVar' (e.g. a RooRealVar if 'newVar' is a RooFormulaVar)
///
/// Note: This function is explicitly NOT intended as a speed optimization
///       opportunity for the user. Components of complex PDFs that can be
///       precalculated with the dataset are automatically identified as such
///       and will be precalculated when fitting to a dataset
/// 
///       By forcibly precalculating functions with non-trivial Jacobians,
///       or functions of multiple variables occurring in the data set,
///       using addColumn(), you may alter the outcome of the fit. 
///
///       Only in cases where such a modification of fit behaviour is intentional, 
///       this function should be used. 
 
RooAbsArg* RooVectorDataStore::addColumn(RooAbsArg& newVar, Bool_t /*adjustRange*/)
{
  // Create a fundamental object of the right type to hold newVar values
  RooAbsArg* valHolder= newVar.createFundamental();
  // Sanity check that the holder really is fundamental
  if(!valHolder->isFundamental()) {
    coutE(InputArguments) << GetName() << "::addColumn: holder argument is not fundamental: \""
    << valHolder->GetName() << "\"" << endl;
    return 0;
  }
 
  // Attention: need to do this now, as adding an empty column might give 0 as size
  const std::size_t numEvt = size();
 
  // Clone variable and attach to cloned tree 
  RooAbsArg* newVarClone = newVar.cloneTree() ;
  newVarClone->recursiveRedirectServers(_vars,kFALSE) ;
 
  // Attach value place holder to this tree
  valHolder->attachToVStore(*this) ;
  _vars.add(*valHolder) ;
  _varsww.add(*valHolder) ;
 
  // Fill values of placeholder
  RealVector* rv(0) ;
  CatVector* cv(0) ;
  assert(numEvt != 0);
  if (dynamic_cast<RooAbsReal*>(valHolder)) {
    rv = addReal((RooAbsReal*)valHolder); 
    rv->resize(numEvt) ;
  } else if (dynamic_cast<RooAbsCategory*>((RooAbsCategory*)valHolder)) {
    cv = addCategory((RooAbsCategory*)valHolder) ;
    cv->resize(numEvt) ;
  } 
 
  for (std::size_t i=0; i < numEvt; i++) {
    getNative(i) ;
 
    newVarClone->syncCache(&_vars) ;
    valHolder->copyCache(newVarClone) ;
 
    if (rv) rv->write(i) ;
    if (cv) cv->write(i) ;
  }
 
  delete newVarClone ;  
  return valHolder ;
 
}
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Utility function to add multiple columns in one call
/// See addColumn() for details
 
RooArgSet* RooVectorDataStore::addColumns(const RooArgList& varList)
{
  checkInit() ;
 
  TList cloneSetList ;
  RooArgSet cloneSet ;
  RooArgSet* holderSet = new RooArgSet ;
 
  // Attention: need to do this now, as adding an empty column might give 0 as size
  const std::size_t numEvt = size();
 
  for (const auto var : varList) {
    // Create a fundamental object of the right type to hold newVar values
    RooAbsArg* valHolder= var->createFundamental();
    holderSet->add(*valHolder) ;
 
    // Sanity check that the holder really is fundamental
    if(!valHolder->isFundamental()) {
      coutE(InputArguments) << GetName() << "::addColumn: holder argument is not fundamental: \""
      << valHolder->GetName() << "\"" << endl;
      return 0;
    }
    
    // Clone variable and attach to cloned tree 
    RooArgSet* newVarCloneList = (RooArgSet*) RooArgSet(*var).snapshot() ;  
    if (!newVarCloneList) {
      coutE(InputArguments) << "RooTreeDataStore::RooTreeData(" << GetName() 
             << ") Couldn't deep-clone variable " << var->GetName() << ", abort." << endl ;
      return 0 ;
    }
    RooAbsArg* newVarClone = newVarCloneList->find(var->GetName()) ;   
    newVarClone->recursiveRedirectServers(_vars,kFALSE) ;
    newVarClone->recursiveRedirectServers(*holderSet,kFALSE) ;
 
    cloneSetList.Add(newVarCloneList) ;
    cloneSet.add(*newVarClone) ;
 
    // Attach value place holder to this tree
    valHolder->attachToVStore(*this) ;
    _vars.add(*valHolder) ;
  }
 
  // Dimension storage area for new vectors
  for (const auto holder : *holderSet) {
    if (dynamic_cast<RooAbsReal*>(holder)) {
      addReal((RooAbsReal*)holder)->resize(numEvt) ;
    } else {
      addCategory((RooAbsCategory*)holder)->resize(numEvt);
    }
  }
 
  // Fill values of of placeholder
  for (std::size_t i=0; i < numEvt; i++) {
    getNative(i) ;
 
    for (unsigned int j=0; j < holderSet->size(); ++j) {
      const auto holder = (*holderSet)[j];
      const auto cloneArg = cloneSet[j];
 
      cloneArg->syncCache(&_vars) ;
 
      holder->copyCache(cloneArg) ;
 
      if (dynamic_cast<RooAbsReal*>(holder)) {
        addReal((RooAbsReal*)holder)->write(i) ;
      } else {
        addCategory((RooAbsCategory*)holder)->write(i) ;
      }
    }
  }
 
  cloneSetList.Delete() ;
  return holderSet ;
}
 
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Merge columns of supplied data set(s) with this data set.  All
/// data sets must have equal number of entries.  In case of
/// duplicate columns the column of the last dataset in the list
/// prevails
 
RooAbsDataStore* RooVectorDataStore::merge(const RooArgSet& allVars, list<RooAbsDataStore*> dstoreList)
{
  RooVectorDataStore* mergedStore = new RooVectorDataStore("merged","merged",allVars) ;
 
  const auto nevt = dstoreList.front()->numEntries();
  mergedStore->reserve(nevt);
  for (int i=0 ; i<nevt ; i++) {
 
    // Copy data from self
    mergedStore->_vars = *get(i) ;
      
    // Copy variables from merge sets
    for (list<RooAbsDataStore*>::iterator iter = dstoreList.begin() ; iter!=dstoreList.end() ; ++iter) {
      const RooArgSet* partSet = (*iter)->get(i) ;
      mergedStore->_vars = *partSet ;
    }
 
    mergedStore->fill() ;
  }
  return mergedStore ;
}
 
 
 
void RooVectorDataStore::reserve(Int_t nEvts)
{
  for (auto elm : _realStoreList) {
    elm->reserve(nEvts);
  }
 
  for (auto elm : _realfStoreList) {
    elm->reserve(nEvts);
  }
 
  for (auto elm : _catStoreList) {
    elm->reserve(nEvts);
  }
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
void RooVectorDataStore::append(RooAbsDataStore& other) 
{
  Int_t nevt = other.numEntries() ;
  reserve(nevt + numEntries());
  for (int i=0 ; i<nevt ; i++) {  
    _vars = *other.get(i) ;
    if (_wgtVar) {
      _wgtVar->setVal(other.weight()) ;
    }
    
    fill() ;
  }
}
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
void RooVectorDataStore::reset() 
{
  _sumWeight=_sumWeightCarry=0 ;
 
  for (auto elm : _realStoreList) {
    elm->reset() ;
  }  
 
  for (auto elm : _realfStoreList) {
    elm->reset() ;
  }
 
  for (auto elm : _catStoreList) {
    elm->reset() ;
  }  
 
}
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Cache given RooAbsArgs: The tree is
/// given direct write access of the args internal cache
/// the args values is pre-calculated for all data points
/// in this data collection. Upon a get() call, the
/// internal cache of 'newVar' will be loaded with the
/// precalculated value and it's dirty flag will be cleared.
 
void RooVectorDataStore::cacheArgs(const RooAbsArg* owner, RooArgSet& newVarSet, const RooArgSet* nset, Bool_t skipZeroWeights) 
{
  // Delete previous cache, if any
  delete _cache ;
  _cache = 0 ;
 
  // Reorder cached elements. First constant nodes, then tracked nodes in order of dependence
 
  // Step 1 - split in constant and tracked
  RooArgSet newVarSetCopy(newVarSet);
  RooArgSet orderedArgs;
  vector<RooAbsArg*> trackArgs;
  for (const auto arg : newVarSetCopy) {
    if (arg->getAttribute("ConstantExpression") && !arg->getAttribute("NOCacheAndTrack")) {
      orderedArgs.add(*arg) ;
    } else {
 
      // Explicitly check that arg depends on any of the observables, if this
      // is not the case, skip it, as inclusion would result in repeated
      // calculation of a function that has the same value for every event
      // in the likelihood
      if (arg->dependsOn(_vars) && !arg->getAttribute("NOCacheAndTrack")) {
        trackArgs.push_back(arg) ;
      } else {
        newVarSet.remove(*arg) ;
      }
    }
  }
 
  // Step 2 - reorder tracked nodes
  std::sort(trackArgs.begin(), trackArgs.end(), [](RooAbsArg* left, RooAbsArg* right){
    return right->dependsOn(*left);
  });
 
  // Step 3 - put back together
  for (const auto trackedArg : trackArgs) {
    orderedArgs.add(*trackedArg);
  }
  
  // WVE need to prune tracking entries _below_ constant nodes as the're not needed
//   cout << "Number of Cache-and-Tracked args are " << trackArgs.size() << endl ;
//   cout << "Compound ordered cache parameters = " << endl ;
//   orderedArgs.Print("v") ;
  
  checkInit() ;
  
  std::vector<RooArgSet*> vlist;
  RooArgList cloneSet;
 
  for (const auto var : orderedArgs) {
 
    // Clone variable and attach to cloned tree 
    RooArgSet* newVarCloneList = (RooArgSet*) RooArgSet(*var).snapshot() ;  
    RooAbsArg* newVarClone = newVarCloneList->find(var->GetName()) ;   
    newVarClone->recursiveRedirectServers(_vars,kFALSE) ;
 
    vlist.push_back(newVarCloneList) ;
    cloneSet.add(*newVarClone) ;
  }
 
  _cacheOwner = (RooAbsArg*) owner ;
  RooVectorDataStore* newCache = new RooVectorDataStore("cache","cache",orderedArgs) ;
 
 
  RooAbsArg::setDirtyInhibit(kTRUE) ;
 
  std::vector<RooArgSet*> nsetList ;
  std::vector<RooArgSet*> argObsList ;
 
  // Now need to attach branch buffers of clones
  RooArgSet *anset(0), *acset(0) ;
  for (const auto arg : cloneSet) {
    arg->attachToVStore(*newCache) ;
    
    RooArgSet* argObs = nset ? arg->getObservables(*nset) : arg->getVariables() ;
    argObsList.push_back(argObs) ;
    
    RooArgSet* normSet(0) ;
    const char* catNset = arg->getStringAttribute("CATNormSet") ;
    if (catNset) {
//       cout << "RooVectorDataStore::cacheArgs() cached node " << arg->GetName() << " has a normalization set specification CATNormSet = " << catNset << endl ;
      RooNameSet rns ;
      rns.setNameList(catNset) ;
      anset = rns.select(nset?*nset:RooArgSet()) ;
      normSet = (RooArgSet*) anset->selectCommon(*argObs) ;
      
    }
    const char* catCset = arg->getStringAttribute("CATCondSet") ;
    if (catCset) {
//       cout << "RooVectorDataStore::cacheArgs() cached node " << arg->GetName() << " has a conditional observable set specification CATCondSet = " << catCset << endl ;
      RooNameSet rns ;
      rns.setNameList(catCset) ;
      acset = rns.select(nset?*nset:RooArgSet()) ;
      
      argObs->remove(*acset,kTRUE,kTRUE) ;
      normSet = argObs ;
    }
 
    // now construct normalization set for component from cset/nset spec
//     if (normSet) {
//       cout << "RooVectorDaraStore::cacheArgs() component " << arg->GetName() << " has custom normalization set " << *normSet << endl ;
//     }
    nsetList.push_back(normSet) ;    
  }
 
 
  // Fill values of of placeholder
  const std::size_t numEvt = size();
  newCache->reserve(numEvt);
  for (std::size_t i=0; i < numEvt; i++) {
    getNative(i) ;
    if (weight()!=0 || !skipZeroWeights) {    
      for (unsigned int j = 0; j < cloneSet.size(); ++j) {
        auto& cloneArg = cloneSet[j];
        auto argNSet = nsetList[j];
        // WVE need to intervene here for condobs from ProdPdf
        cloneArg.syncCache(argNSet ? argNSet : nset) ;
      }
    }
    newCache->fill() ;
  }
 
  RooAbsArg::setDirtyInhibit(kFALSE) ;
 
 
  // Now need to attach branch buffers of original function objects 
  for (const auto arg : orderedArgs) {
    arg->attachToVStore(*newCache) ;
    
    // Activate change tracking mode, if requested
    if (!arg->getAttribute("ConstantExpression") && dynamic_cast<RooAbsReal*>(arg)) {
      RealVector* rv = newCache->addReal((RooAbsReal*)arg) ;      
      RooArgSet* deps = arg->getParameters(_vars) ;
      rv->setDependents(*deps) ;
 
      // WV lookup normalization set and associate with RealVector
      // find ordinal number of arg in original list 
      Int_t idx = cloneSet.index(arg->GetName()) ;
 
      coutI(Optimization) << "RooVectorDataStore::cacheArg() element " << arg->GetName() << " has change tracking enabled on parameters " << *deps << endl ;
      rv->setNset(nsetList[idx]) ;
      delete deps ;
    }
    
  }
 
 
  for (auto set : vlist) {
    delete set;
  }  
  for (auto set : argObsList) {
    delete set;
  }  
 
  _cache = newCache ;
  _cache->setDirtyProp(_doDirtyProp) ;
}
 
 
void RooVectorDataStore::forceCacheUpdate()
{
  if (_cache) _forcedUpdate = kTRUE ; 
}
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
void RooVectorDataStore::recalculateCache( const RooArgSet *projectedArgs, Int_t firstEvent, Int_t lastEvent, Int_t stepSize, Bool_t skipZeroWeights) 
{
  if (!_cache) return ;
 
  std::vector<RooVectorDataStore::RealVector *> tv;
  tv.reserve(static_cast<std::size_t>(_cache->_realStoreList.size() * 0.7)); // Typically, 30..60% need to be recalculated
 
  // Check which items need recalculation
  for (const auto realVec : _cache->_realStoreList) {
    if (_forcedUpdate || realVec->needRecalc()) {
       tv.push_back(realVec);
       realVec->_nativeReal->setOperMode(RooAbsArg::ADirty);
       realVec->_nativeReal->_operMode = RooAbsArg::Auto;
    }    
  }
  _forcedUpdate = kFALSE ;
 
  // If no recalculations are needed stop here
  if (tv.empty()) {
     return;
  }
 
 
  // Refill caches of elements that require recalculation
  RooArgSet* ownedNset = 0 ;
  RooArgSet* usedNset = 0 ;
  if (projectedArgs && projectedArgs->getSize()>0) {
    ownedNset = (RooArgSet*) _vars.snapshot(kFALSE) ;
    ownedNset->remove(*projectedArgs,kFALSE,kTRUE);
    usedNset = ownedNset ;
  } else {
    usedNset = &_vars ;
  }
 
 
  for (int i=firstEvent ; i<lastEvent ; i+=stepSize) {
    get(i) ;    
    Bool_t zeroWeight = (weight()==0) ;
    if (!zeroWeight || !skipZeroWeights) {
       for (auto realVector : tv) {
          realVector->_nativeReal->_valueDirty = kTRUE;
          realVector->_nativeReal->getValV(realVector->_nset ? realVector->_nset : usedNset);
          realVector->write(i);
      }
    }
  }  
  
  for (auto realVector : tv) {
     realVector->_nativeReal->setOperMode(RooAbsArg::AClean);
  }  
 
  delete ownedNset ;
 
}
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Initialize cache of dataset: attach variables of cache ArgSet
/// to the corresponding TTree branches
 
void RooVectorDataStore::attachCache(const RooAbsArg* newOwner, const RooArgSet& cachedVarsIn) 
{
  // Only applicable if a cache exists
  if (!_cache) return ;
 
  // Clone ctor, must connect internal storage to given new external set of vars
  std::vector<RealVector*> cacheElements(_cache->realStoreList());
  cacheElements.insert(cacheElements.end(), _cache->_realfStoreList.begin(), _cache->_realfStoreList.end());
 
  for (const auto elm : cacheElements) {
    auto real = static_cast<RooAbsReal*>(cachedVarsIn.find(elm->bufArg()->GetName()));
    if (real) {
      // Adjust buffer pointer
      real->attachToVStore(*_cache) ;
    }
  }
 
  for (const auto catVec : _cache->_catStoreList) {
    auto cat = static_cast<RooAbsCategory*>(cachedVarsIn.find(catVec->bufArg()->GetName()));
    if (cat) {
      // Adjust buffer pointer
      cat->attachToVStore(*_cache) ;
    }
  }
 
  _cacheOwner = (RooAbsArg*) newOwner ;
}
 
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
void RooVectorDataStore::resetCache() 
{
  delete _cache;
  _cache = nullptr;
  _cacheOwner = nullptr;
  return ;
}
 
 
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Disabling of branches is (intentionally) not implemented in vector
/// data stores (as the doesn't result in a net saving of time)
 
void RooVectorDataStore::setArgStatus(const RooArgSet& /*set*/, Bool_t /*active*/) 
{
  return ;
}
 
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
void RooVectorDataStore::attachBuffers(const RooArgSet& extObs) 
{
  for (auto arg : _varsww) {
    RooAbsArg* extArg = extObs.find(arg->GetName()) ;
    if (extArg) {
      extArg->attachToVStore(*this) ;
    }
  }
}
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
void RooVectorDataStore::resetBuffers() 
{ 
  for (auto arg : _varsww) {
    arg->attachToVStore(*this);
  }
}  
 
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
void RooVectorDataStore::dump()
{
  cout << "RooVectorDataStor::dump()" << endl ;
  
  cout << "_varsww = " << endl ; _varsww.Print("v") ;
  cout << "realVector list is" << endl ;
 
  for (const auto elm : _realStoreList) {
    cout << "RealVector " << elm << " _nativeReal = " << elm->_nativeReal << " = " << elm->_nativeReal->GetName() << " bufptr = " << elm->_buf  << endl ;
    cout << " values : " ;
    Int_t imax = elm->_vec.size()>10 ? 10 : elm->_vec.size() ;
    for (Int_t i=0 ; i<imax ; i++) {
      cout << elm->_vec[i] << " " ;
    }
    cout << endl ;
  }    
 
  for (const auto elm : _realfStoreList) {
    cout << "RealFullVector " << elm << " _nativeReal = " << elm->_nativeReal << " = " << elm->_nativeReal->GetName()
    << " bufptr = " << elm->_buf  << " errbufptr = " << elm->_bufE << endl ;
 
    cout << " values : " ;
    Int_t imax = elm->_vec.size()>10 ? 10 : elm->_vec.size() ;
    for (Int_t i=0 ; i<imax ; i++) {
      cout << elm->_vec[i] << " " ;
    }
    cout << endl ;
    if (elm->_vecE) {
      cout << " errors : " ;
      for (Int_t i=0 ; i<imax ; i++) {
   cout << (*elm->_vecE)[i] << " " ;
      }
      cout << endl ;
 
    }    
  }
}
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Stream an object of class RooVectorDataStore.
 
void RooVectorDataStore::Streamer(TBuffer &R__b)
{
  if (R__b.IsReading()) {
    R__b.ReadClassBuffer(RooVectorDataStore::Class(),this);
 
    for (auto elm : _realStoreList) {
      RooAbsArg* arg = _varsww.find(elm->_nativeReal->GetName()) ;
      arg->attachToVStore(*this) ;
    }
    for (auto elm : _realfStoreList) {
      RooAbsArg* arg = _varsww.find(elm->_nativeReal->GetName()) ;
      arg->attachToVStore(*this) ;
    }
    for (auto elm : _catStoreList) {
      RooAbsArg* arg = _varsww.find(elm->_cat->GetName()) ;
      arg->attachToVStore(*this) ;
    }
 
  } else {
    R__b.WriteClassBuffer(RooVectorDataStore::Class(),this);
  }
}
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Stream an object of class RooVectorDataStore::RealFullVector.
 
void RooVectorDataStore::RealFullVector::Streamer(TBuffer &R__b)
{
   if (R__b.IsReading()) {
     R__b.ReadClassBuffer(RooVectorDataStore::RealFullVector::Class(),this);
 
     // WVE - It seems that ROOT persistence turns null pointers to vectors into pointers to null-sized vectors 
     //       Intervene here to remove those null-sized vectors and replace with null pointers to not break
     //       assumptions made elsewhere in this class
     if (_vecE  && _vecE->empty()) { delete _vecE   ; _vecE = 0 ; }
     if (_vecEL && _vecEL->empty()) { delete _vecEL ; _vecEL = 0 ; }
     if (_vecEH && _vecEH->empty()) { delete _vecEH ; _vecEH = 0 ; }
   } else {
     R__b.WriteClassBuffer(RooVectorDataStore::RealFullVector::Class(),this);
   }
}
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Return batches of the data columns for the requested events.
/// \param[in] first First event in the batches.
/// \param[in] len   Number of events in batches.
/// \return RunContext object whose member `spans` maps RooAbsReal pointers to spans with
/// the associated data.
RooBatchCompute::RunContext RooVectorDataStore::getBatches(std::size_t first, std::size_t len) const {
  RooBatchCompute::RunContext evalData;
 
  auto emplace = [this,&evalData,first,len](const RealVector* realVec) {
    auto span = realVec->getRange(first, first + len);
    auto result = evalData.spans.emplace(realVec->_nativeReal, span);
    if (result.second == false || result.first->second.size() != len) {
      const auto size = result.second ? result.first->second.size() : 0;
      coutE(DataHandling) << "A batch of data for '" << realVec->_nativeReal->GetName()
          << "' was requested from " << first << " to " << first+len
          << ", but only the events [" << first << ", " << first + size << ") are available." << std::endl;
    }
    if (realVec->_real) {
      // If a buffer is attached, i.e. we are ready to load into a RooAbsReal outside of our dataset,
      // we can directly map our spans to this real.
      evalData.spans.emplace(realVec->_real, std::move(span));
    }
  };
 
  for (const auto realVec : _realStoreList) {
    emplace(realVec);
  }
  for (const auto realVec : _realfStoreList) {
    emplace(realVec);
  }
 
  if (_cache) {
    for (const auto realVec : _cache->_realStoreList) {
      emplace(realVec);
    }
    for (const auto realVec : _cache->_realfStoreList) {
      emplace(realVec);
    }
  }
 
  return evalData;
}
 
 
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// Return the weights of all events in the range [first, first+len).
/// If an array with weights is stored, a batch with these weights will be returned. If
/// no weights are stored, an empty batch is returned. Use weight() to check if there's
/// a constant weight.
RooSpan<const double> RooVectorDataStore::getWeightBatch(std::size_t first, std::size_t len) const
{
  if (_extWgtArray) {
    return RooSpan<const double>(_extWgtArray + first, _extWgtArray + first + len);
  }
 
  if (_wgtVar) {
    auto findWeightVar = [this](const RealVector* realVec) {
      return realVec->_nativeReal == _wgtVar || realVec->_nativeReal->GetName() == _wgtVar->GetName();
    };
 
    auto storageIter = std::find_if(_realStoreList.begin(), _realStoreList.end(), findWeightVar);
    if (storageIter != _realStoreList.end())
      return (*storageIter)->getRange(first, first + len);
 
    auto fstorageIter = std::find_if(_realfStoreList.begin(), _realfStoreList.end(), findWeightVar);
    if (fstorageIter != _realfStoreList.end())
      return (*fstorageIter)->getRange(first, first + len);
 
    throw std::logic_error("RooVectorDataStore::getWeightBatch(): Could not retrieve data for _wgtVar.");
  }
  return {};
}
 
 
RooVectorDataStore::CatVector* RooVectorDataStore::addCategory(RooAbsCategory* cat) {
 
  // First try a match by name
  for (auto catVec : _catStoreList) {
    if (std::string(catVec->bufArg()->GetName())==cat->GetName()) {
      return catVec;
    }
  }
 
  // If nothing found this will make an entry
  _catStoreList.push_back(new CatVector(cat)) ;
 
  return _catStoreList.back() ;
}
 
 
RooVectorDataStore::RealVector* RooVectorDataStore::addReal(RooAbsReal* real) {
 
  // First try a match by name
  for (auto realVec : _realStoreList) {
    if (realVec->bufArg()->namePtr()==real->namePtr()) {
      return realVec;
    }
  }
 
  // Then check if an entry already exists for a full real
  for (auto fullVec : _realfStoreList) {
    if (fullVec->bufArg()->namePtr()==real->namePtr()) {
      // Return full vector as RealVector base class here
      return fullVec;
    }
  }
 
  // If nothing found this will make an entry
  _realStoreList.push_back(new RealVector(real)) ;
 
  return _realStoreList.back() ;
}
 
 
Bool_t RooVectorDataStore::isFullReal(RooAbsReal* real) {
 
  // First try a match by name
  for (auto fullVec : _realfStoreList) {
    if (std::string(fullVec->bufArg()->GetName())==real->GetName()) {
      return kTRUE ;
    }
  }
  return kFALSE ;
}
 
 
Bool_t RooVectorDataStore::hasError(RooAbsReal* real) {
 
  // First try a match by name
  for (auto fullVec : _realfStoreList) {
    if (std::string(fullVec->bufArg()->GetName())==real->GetName()) {
      return fullVec->_vecE ? kTRUE : kFALSE ;
    }
  }
  return kFALSE ;
}
 
 
Bool_t RooVectorDataStore::hasAsymError(RooAbsReal* real) {
 
  // First try a match by name
  for (auto fullVec : _realfStoreList) {
    if (std::string(fullVec->bufArg()->GetName())==real->GetName()) {
      return fullVec->_vecEL ? kTRUE : kFALSE ;
    }
  }
  return kFALSE ;
}
 
 
RooVectorDataStore::RealFullVector* RooVectorDataStore::addRealFull(RooAbsReal* real) {
 
  // First try a match by name
  for (auto fullVec : _realfStoreList) {
    if (std::string(fullVec->bufArg()->GetName())==real->GetName()) {
    return fullVec;
    }
  }
 
  // Then check if an entry already exists for a bare real
  for (auto realVec : _realStoreList) {
    if (std::string(realVec->bufArg()->GetName())==real->GetName()) {
 
      // Convert element to full and add to full list
      _realfStoreList.push_back(new RealFullVector(*realVec,real)) ;
 
      // Delete bare element
      _realStoreList.erase(std::find(_realStoreList.begin(), _realStoreList.end(), realVec));
      delete realVec;
 
      return _realfStoreList.back() ;
    }
  }
 
  // If nothing found this will make an entry
  _realfStoreList.push_back(new RealFullVector(real)) ;
 
  return _realfStoreList.back() ;
}